Fahim Abbas Muhammad, Cao Liru, Li Ma, Gang Yang, Rahman Faiz Ur, Yuanyuan Pu, Nie Zhixing, Wangtian Wang, Mumtaz Muhammad Zahid, Junyan Wu, Wancang Sun
College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
Grain Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2025 Apr;221:109647. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.109647. Epub 2025 Feb 12.
Rapeseed naturally endures low temperature in late autumn and early winter to develop cold adaptation, named as cold acclimation (CA). The underlying mechanism by which CA induces plant resistance to subzero temperature tolerance is unclear. This study examined the transcriptome and metabolome of strong (Longyou 7) and weak (Longyou 99) cold-tolerant rapeseed varieties treated with treatments CA and sub-zero temperatures at fourth leaf stage. Cold shock (CS) treatment was developed by incubating seedlings directly at 0, -3, and -7 °C for 4 day at each temperature. For CA, seedlings were acclimatized at 4 °C for one week and then to 0, -3, and -7 °C for four days in each temperature. By transcriptome analysis 5364 and 6534 DEGs were detected in both varieties following CA. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolic pathways were enriched following CA. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed hub genes AMY2, DREB, MYB, PBL, and GFT1 from three biological modules that can be employed as candidate genes to investigate the network regulation pathway of rapeseed in response to CA treatment. Metabolome profiling revealed phenylalanine, purine, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, and flavonoid biosynthesis were the most enriched pathways in rapeseed seedlings following CA. Contemporaneous analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomic changes following CA revealed the dynamics of specific gene-metabolite relationships in rapeseed. DEGs and DAMs correlation analysis showed that genes DREB, RAP, TCP2, ZAT12, ASP1, ASP3, ASP4, and the metabolites N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, 2-glycitein, and 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol glucoside, played an important role in rapeseed following CA. This study's findings elucidate the molecular and regulatory mechanisms enabling rapeseed to withstand subzero temperatures following CA.
油菜籽在秋末和初冬自然耐受低温以形成冷适应，称为冷驯化（CA）。CA诱导植物抗零下低温耐受性的潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究检测了在第四叶期经CA和零下温度处理的强耐寒（陇油7号）和弱耐寒（陇油99号）油菜品种的转录组和代谢组。冷休克（CS）处理是通过将幼苗直接在0、-3和-7°C下各孵育4天来进行的。对于CA，幼苗先在4°C下驯化一周，然后在0、-3和-7°C下各处理4天。通过转录组分析，在两个品种经CA处理后均检测到5364个和6534个差异表达基因（DEG）。DEG的功能富集分析表明，CA处理后碳水化合物代谢和次生代谢途径的生物合成得到了富集。加权基因共表达网络分析从三个生物学模块中揭示了中心基因AMY2、DREB、MYB、PBL和GFT1，这些基因可作为候选基因来研究油菜对CA处理的网络调控途径。代谢组分析表明，苯丙氨酸、嘌呤、氨基糖和核苷酸糖以及黄酮类生物合成是CA处理后油菜幼苗中最富集的途径。对CA处理后的转录组学和代谢组学变化进行同步分析，揭示了油菜中特定基因-代谢物关系的动态变化。DEG和差异积累代谢物（DAM）的相关性分析表明，基因DREB、RAP、TCP2、ZAT12、ASP1、ASP3、ASP4以及代谢物N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺、2-甘草素和3-羟基苄醇葡萄糖苷在CA处理后的油菜中发挥了重要作用。本研究结果阐明了使油菜籽在CA处理后能够耐受零下温度的分子和调控机制。
