Levenson J L
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1985 Apr;7(2):171-3. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(85)90031-3.
Disorders of taste and smell are underrecognized and often misdiagnosed. Two cases are described in which patients mistakenly thought to suffer from depression actually had unnoticed drug-induced dysosmia and dysgeusia. Also reviewed are psychiatric, neurologic, and medical disorders and drugs that cause abnormalities of taste and smell, and some behavioral aspects of food aversions. Three groups, all of whom may superficially appear depressed, must be distinguished from each other: 1) patients with dysosmia or dysgeusia, 2) patients with primary neuropsychiatric illness with olfactory or gustatory hallucinations, and 3) patients with conditioned taste aversions.
味觉和嗅觉障碍常常未得到充分认识且常被误诊。本文描述了两例患者，他们原本被误诊为患有抑郁症，实际上却存在未被察觉的药物性嗅觉障碍和味觉障碍。同时，还回顾了可导致味觉和嗅觉异常的精神、神经及医学疾病和药物，以及食物厌恶的一些行为方面。必须区分三组表面上看似抑郁的人群：1）患有嗅觉障碍或味觉障碍的患者；2）患有原发性神经精神疾病并伴有嗅觉或味觉幻觉的患者；3）患有条件性味觉厌恶的患者。
