Ren Xin-Yi, Jiang Qi, Chen Hui, Tang Jun
Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, China.
Children and Adolescents Psychological Ward, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, 430012, China.
Curr Med Sci. 2025 Feb;45(1):146-153. doi: 10.1007/s11596-025-00007-5. Epub 2025 Feb 19.
This study aimed to analyse the trend of the mental disorder spectrum in children and adolescents from 2014 to 2022 in one city in Central China and to provide actionable recommendations for the prevention and management of mental disorders.
In this hospital-based retrospective study, we utilized child and adolescent medical records data from the Wuhan Mental Health Center from January 2014 to December 2022 and examined the top 5 mental disorders (schizophrenia, depressive episode, bipolar disorder, pervasive developmental disorder, and unspecified mood disorder) that accounted for the overall proportion of patients admitted. The rank and proportion of these mental disorders, demographic characteristics and disease indicators were analysed.
There was a significant upwards trend in the number of children and adolescents diagnosed with mental disorders over the past 9 years, with a sharp decline in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a rebound in 2021 and a sustained level above prepandemic figures by 2022. The average age of hospitalization decreased significantly from 20.7 to 16.2 years, with a marked increase in the 12-17-year-old age group. The proportion of female hospitalizations increased from 39.2% to 55.2%, with a corresponding decrease in male hospitalizations. There was a notable decrease in the proportion of schizophrenia cases and an ascent of depressive episode to the most prevalent position.
This study emphasizes the critical need for targeted interventions and resources for severe mental disorders in children and adolescents and the importance of early detection and management of mental disorders to mitigate long-term effects on well-being and development.
本研究旨在分析2014年至2022年中国中部某城市儿童和青少年精神障碍谱的趋势，并为精神障碍的预防和管理提供可行的建议。
在这项基于医院的回顾性研究中，我们利用了武汉市精神卫生中心2014年1月至2022年12月的儿童和青少年病历数据，检查了占住院患者总数比例最高的5种精神障碍（精神分裂症、抑郁发作、双相情感障碍、广泛性发育障碍和未特定的心境障碍）。分析了这些精神障碍的排名和比例、人口统计学特征及疾病指标。
在过去9年中，被诊断患有精神障碍的儿童和青少年数量呈显著上升趋势，2020年由于新冠疫情而急剧下降，随后在2021年出现反弹，到2022年持续高于疫情前水平。住院的平均年龄从20.7岁显著降至16.2岁，12 - 17岁年龄组显著增加。女性住院比例从39.2%增至55.2%，男性住院比例相应下降。精神分裂症病例比例显著下降，抑郁发作升至最普遍的位置。
本研究强调了针对儿童和青少年严重精神障碍进行有针对性干预和资源投入的迫切需求，以及早期发现和管理精神障碍对于减轻对幸福感和发育的长期影响的重要性。
