Babiloni Claudio, Arakaki Xianghong, Baez Sandra, Barry Robert J, Benussi Alberto, Blinowska Katarzyna, Bonanni Laura, Borroni Barbara, Bayard Jorge Bosch, Bruno Giuseppe, Cacciotti Alessia, Carducci Filippo, Carino John, Carpi Matteo, Conte Antonella, Cruzat Josephine, D'Antonio Fabrizia, Della Penna Stefania, Del Percio Claudio, De Sanctis Pierfilippo, Escudero Javier, Fabbrini Giovanni, Farina Francesca R, Fraga Francisco J, Fuhr Peter, Gschwandtner Ute, Güntekin Bahar, Guo Yi, Hajos Mihaly, Hallett Mark, Hampel Harald, Hanoğlu Lutfu, Haraldsen Ira, Hassan Mahmoud, Hatlestad-Hall Christoffer, Horváth András Attila, Ibanez Agustin, Infarinato Francesco, Jaramillo-Jimenez Alberto, Jeong Jaeseung, Jiang Yang, Kamiński Maciej, Koch Giacomo, Kumar Sanjeev, Leodori Giorgio, Li Gang, Lizio Roberta, Lopez Susanna, Ferri Raffaele, Maestú Fernando, Marra Camillo, Marzetti Laura, McGeown William, Miraglia Francesca, Moguilner Sebastian, Moretti Davide V, Mushtaq Faisal, Noce Giuseppe, Nucci Lorenzo, Ochoa John, Onorati Paolo, Padovani Alessandro, Pappalettera Chiara, Parra Mario Alfredo, Pardini Matteo, Pascual-Marqui Roberto, Paulus Walter, Pizzella Vittorio, Prado Pavel, Rauchs Géraldine, Ritter Petra, Salvatore Marco, Santamaria-García Hernando, Schirner Michael, Soricelli Andrea, Taylor John-Paul, Tankisi Hatice, Tecchio Franca, Teipel Stefan, Kodamullil Alpha Tom, Triggiani Antonio Ivano, Valdes-Sosa Mitchell, Valdes-Sosa Pedro, Vecchio Fabrizio, Vossel Keith, Yao Dezhong, Yener Görsev, Ziemann Ulf, Kamondi Anita
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer," Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; San Raffaele of Cassino, Cassino, (FR), Italy.
Cognition and Brain Integration Laboratory, Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2025 Apr;172:33-50. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2025.02.256. Epub 2025 Feb 13.
In this "centenary" paper, an expert panel revisited Hans Berger's groundbreaking discovery of human restingstate electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms (8-12 Hz) in 1924, his foresight of substantial clinical applications in patients with "senile dementia," and new developments in the field, focusing on Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent cause of dementia in pathological aging. Clinical guidelines issued in 2024 by the US National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) and the European Neuroscience Societies did not endorse routine use of rsEEG biomarkers in the clinical workup of older adults with cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the expert panel highlighted decades of research from independent workgroups and different techniques showing consistent evidence that abnormalities in rsEEG delta, theta, and alpha rhythms (< 30 Hz) observed in AD patients correlate with wellestablished AD biomarkers of neuropathology, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. We posit that these abnormalities may reflect alterations in oscillatory synchronization within subcortical and cortical circuits, inducing cortical inhibitory-excitatory imbalance (in some cases leading to epileptiform activity) and vigilance dysfunctions (e.g., mental fatigue and drowsiness), which may impact AD patients' quality of life. Berger's vision of using EEG to understand and manage dementia in pathological aging is still actual.
在这篇“百年”论文中，一个专家小组回顾了汉斯·伯格1924年对人类静息态脑电图（rsEEG）阿尔法节律（8 - 12赫兹）的开创性发现，他对“老年痴呆症”患者大量临床应用的远见，以及该领域的新进展，重点关注阿尔茨海默病（AD），这是病理性衰老中最常见的痴呆病因。美国国立衰老研究所 - 阿尔茨海默病协会（NIA - AA）和欧洲神经科学学会在2024年发布的临床指南并未认可在认知障碍老年人的临床检查中常规使用rsEEG生物标志物。尽管如此，专家小组强调了来自独立工作组的数十年研究以及不同技术，这些研究表明有一致的证据显示，在AD患者中观察到的rsEEGδ波、θ波和阿尔法节律（< 30赫兹）异常与神经病理学、神经退行性变和认知衰退等已确立的AD生物标志物相关。我们认为，这些异常可能反映了皮质下和皮质回路内振荡同步的改变，导致皮质抑制 - 兴奋失衡（在某些情况下导致癫痫样活动）和警觉功能障碍（如精神疲劳和嗜睡），这可能会影响AD患者的生活质量。伯格利用脑电图来理解和管理病理性衰老中的痴呆症的愿景仍然具有现实意义。
