Botorie Firomsa, Abera Bilisom Balcha, Botorie Abera, Abera Asonya, Dubiwak Abebe Dukessa, Charkos Tesfaye Getachew, Dassie Godana Arero
Lega Tafo Lega Dadi Health Centre, Sheger City, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jan 28;12:1479732. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1479732. eCollection 2025.
Stunting is a serious public health issue in Ethiopia. However, due to the scarcity of studies, little is known about the prevalence and predictors of stunting among children under the age of five in urban areas, especially those close to the capital city of the country (Addis Ababa). Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of stunting and its predictors among children under the age of five in Lega Tafo Lega Dadi, Sheger City, Oromia, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 566 children under the age of five using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, structured questionnaires, and anthropometric measurements. Afterward, the data were entered into EpiData (version 4.7) and exported to SPSS 26 for analysis. Anthropometric indices were calculated using WHO Anthro software (version 3.2.2). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify candidate variables and associated factors, respectively. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength and significance of the association. A -value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The goodness-of-fit for the model was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test.
The prevalence of stunting was 18.9% (95% CI: 16, 22%) among under-five children in our study setting. Children whose mothers were daily laborers (AOR: 10.3), whose mothers' education level was primary school (AOR: 4.3), whose fathers were daily laborers (AOR: 4), who were born into families with an average birth interval of ≤24 months (AOR: 7.9), who were from families with a size ≥5 (AOR: 7.3), who had a history of diarrhea (AOR: 6.3), who had meals ≤3 times per day (AOR: 13.9), who were underweight (AOR: 2.8), who were breastfed for less than 2 years (AOR: 5.6), who had low dietary diversity (AOR: 6.3), and who experienced food insecurity (AOR: 3.6) were identified as the predictors of stunting in under-five children.
Approximately one-fifth of the under-five children were stunted in the study setting. Family occupational and educational status, average birth interval, family size, a history of diarrhea, meal frequency per day, underweight status, duration of breastfeeding, inadequate dietary diversity, and household food insecurity were all associated with stunting among the under-five children in the study setting.
发育迟缓是埃塞俄比亚一个严重的公共卫生问题。然而，由于研究匮乏，对于城市地区五岁以下儿童，尤其是该国首都（亚的斯亚贝巴）附近地区儿童发育迟缓的患病率及预测因素知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州谢格尔市莱加塔福莱加达迪五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的患病率及其预测因素。
采用系统随机抽样技术，对566名五岁以下儿童进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈、结构化问卷和人体测量收集数据。之后，将数据录入EpiData（4.7版）并导出至SPSS 26进行分析。使用WHO Anthro软件（3.2.2版）计算人体测量指标。分别进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析以确定候选变量和相关因素。采用调整后的比值比（AOR）及其95%置信区间（CI）评估关联的强度和显著性。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。使用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验评估模型的拟合优度。
在我们的研究环境中，五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的患病率为18.9%（95%CI：16，22%）。母亲为日工的儿童（AOR：10.3）、母亲教育水平为小学的儿童（AOR：4.3）、父亲为日工的儿童（AOR：4）、出生于平均生育间隔≤24个月家庭的儿童（AOR：7.9）、来自家庭规模≥5的家庭的儿童（AOR：7.3）、有腹泻病史的儿童（AOR：6.3）、每天进餐≤3次的儿童（AOR：13.9）、体重不足的儿童（AOR：2.8）、母乳喂养少于2年的儿童（AOR：5.6）、饮食多样性低的儿童（AOR：6.3）以及经历粮食不安全的儿童（AOR：3.6）被确定为五岁以下儿童发育迟缓的预测因素。
在研究环境中，约五分之一的五岁以下儿童发育迟缓。家庭职业和教育状况、平均生育间隔、家庭规模、腹泻病史、每日进餐频率、体重不足状况、母乳喂养持续时间、饮食多样性不足以及家庭粮食不安全均与研究环境中五岁以下儿童的发育迟缓有关。
