Lässing Johannes, Hummelmann Sonja, Kramer Maxi, Laufs Ulrich, Fikenzer Sven, Falz Roberto
Department of Exercise Science & Sports Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Institute of Sports Medicine and Prevention, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Exp Physiol. 2025 Feb 22. doi: 10.1113/EP092363.
The 'strength-endurance continuum' is a key concept in strength training (ST). Although cardiopulmonary responses have seldom been reported in conjunction with ST, this repeated-measurement study examined acute blood pressure and haemodynamic responses continuously depending on the number of repetitions but without changing the intensity. Fifteen healthy male participants (21.6 (2.0) years; mean (SD)) performed an incremental exercise test and a 3-repetition maximum test (3-RM) on a Smith machine. They were then randomly assigned to three ST sessions involving 10, 20 and 30 repetitions at 50% of their 3-RM. Blood pressure (vascular unloading technique) and cardiopulmonary responses (spirometry and impedance cardiography) were continuously monitored. Heart rate (121 (10) vs. 139 (22) vs. 153 (13) bpm, P = 0.001, respectively), cardiac output (10.4 (1.9) vs. 13.6 (3.8) vs. 14.6 (3.1) L/min, P = 0.001, respectively) and diastolic blood pressure (113 (8) vs. 116 (21) vs. 135 (22) mmHg, P = 0.001, respectively) increased in the training sessions with higher repetitions. Stroke volume, systolic blood pressure and end-diastolic volume indicated no change in peak values between training sessions. Total peripheral resistance (13.6 (2.8) vs. 11.3 (3.6) vs. 11.2 (3.1) mmHg min/L, P = 0.002, respectively) was significantly lower with 20 and 30 repetitions, while oxygen uptake ( : 15.5 (1.9) vs. 20.5 (4.1) vs. 20.6 (4.4) mL/min/kg, P = 0.001, respectively) was significantly higher. ST of moderate intensity with an exhausting number (>20) of repetitions induces strong haemodynamic responses, especially high cardiac afterload and a compensatory heart rate acceleration, which may also create a strong stimulus for cardiopulmonary adaptation.
“力量 - 耐力连续体”是力量训练（ST）中的一个关键概念。尽管很少有关于心肺反应与力量训练相关的报道，但这项重复测量研究持续检测了取决于重复次数的急性血压和血流动力学反应，且强度不变。15名健康男性参与者（年龄21.6（2.0）岁；均值（标准差））在史密斯机上进行了递增运动测试和一次3次重复最大值测试（3 - RM）。然后他们被随机分配到三个力量训练组，分别以其3 - RM的50%进行10次、20次和30次重复训练。持续监测血压（血管卸载技术）和心肺反应（肺活量测定和阻抗心动图）。心率（分别为121（10）次/分钟、139（22）次/分钟、153（13）次/分钟，P = 0.001）、心输出量（分别为10.4（1.9）升/分钟、13.6（3.8）升/分钟、14.6（3.1）升/分钟，P = 0.001）和舒张压（分别为113（8）毫米汞柱、116（21）毫米汞柱、135（22）毫米汞柱，P = 0.001）在重复次数较多的训练组中升高。每搏输出量、收缩压和舒张末期容积在各训练组之间的峰值无变化。总外周阻力（分别为13.6（2.8）毫米汞柱·分钟/升、11.3（3.6）毫米汞柱·分钟/升、11.2（3.1）毫米汞柱·分钟/升，P = 0.002）在20次和30次重复训练时显著降低，而摄氧量（分别为15.5（1.9）毫升/分钟/千克、20.5（4.1）毫升/分钟/千克、20.6（4.4）毫升/分钟/千克，P = 0.001）显著升高。中等强度且重复次数达到疲劳程度（>20次）的力量训练会引发强烈的血流动力学反应，尤其是高心脏后负荷和代偿性心率加速，这也可能对心肺适应产生强烈刺激。
