Silverstein M L, Arzt A T
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1985 Jun;173(6):341-6. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198506000-00003.
Recent evidence suggests that cerebral atrophy with cognitive deficits is associated with negative schizophrenic symptoms, including poverty of speech and speech content. This report investigates the relationship between specific measures of neuropsychological dysfunction and four major indices of associative thought disorder in schizophrenia, to ascertain whether neuropsychologically impaired schizophrenics show more associative disturbance than neuropsychologically intact schizophrenics. Twenty neuropsychologically intact and 12 impaired schizophrenics, rigorously diagnosed by the Research Diagnostic Criteria, were administered the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery. These two groups of schizophrenics were compared on a continuous word-association test, which included two nonverbal and two verbal measures of associative disturbance. The neuropsychologically impaired schizophrenics had slower reaction times (p less than .05), but did not differ from the neuropsychologically intact schizophrenics on the verbal measures. Results indicated a stronger relationship between neuropsychological functions and the nonverbal dimensions (p less than .02), than with the verbal measures. This challenges the assumption that a left hemisphere abnormality in schizophrenia is particularly associated with cognitive disturbance, and suggests that neuropsychologically impaired schizophrenics may show greater potential for negative schizophrenic symptoms.
最近的证据表明，伴有认知缺陷的脑萎缩与精神分裂症的阴性症状有关，包括言语贫乏和言语内容匮乏。本报告调查了精神分裂症患者神经心理功能的特定测量指标与联想思维障碍的四个主要指标之间的关系，以确定神经心理受损的精神分裂症患者是否比神经心理未受损的精神分裂症患者表现出更多的联想障碍。通过研究诊断标准严格诊断出的20名神经心理未受损的精神分裂症患者和12名受损的精神分裂症患者接受了鲁利亚-内布拉斯加神经心理成套测验。对这两组精神分裂症患者进行了连续词语联想测试，该测试包括两种非语言和两种语言的联想障碍测量指标。神经心理受损的精神分裂症患者反应时间较慢（p小于0.05），但在语言测量指标上与神经心理未受损的精神分裂症患者没有差异。结果表明，神经心理功能与非语言维度之间的关系比与语言测量指标之间的关系更强（p小于0.02）。这对精神分裂症左半球异常尤其与认知障碍相关的假设提出了挑战，并表明神经心理受损的精神分裂症患者可能表现出出现精神分裂症阴性症状的更大可能性。
