药学专业学生的初始职业选择与后续职业道路：一项横断面研究。
Pharmacy students' initial career choices versus subsequent career paths: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Kanbar Roy, Saad Aline H, Btaiche Imad F
机构信息
Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos campus, Byblos, P.O. Box 36, Lebanon.
Pharmacy Practice Department, Eugene Appelbaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, 48201, MI, USA.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Feb 24;25(1):295. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06366-2.
BACKGROUND
The pharmacy profession offers diverse career paths. Yet, pharmacy students may not be familiar with these various paths and may struggle to choose one that is best suited to their interests, goals, and values. Limited literature has reported on pharmacy students' career interests. However, no studies have evaluated pharmacy graduates' eventual career paths as compared to their initial choices when they were students. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to compare pharmacy students' initial career choices to their subsequent career paths.
METHODS
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that analyzed data on pharmacy students' initial career choices when they were enrolled in a career opportunities course and their subsequent career paths following graduation. Data on the initial career choices of students were retrospectively collected from the records of a career opportunities elective course between the academic years 2012 and 2019. Based on previous employment surveys, data on the subsequent graduates' career paths and graduate and postgraduate education were retrieved from the school records. Subsequent graduates' career paths were then compared to their individual students' initial career choices. The paths of graduates with a Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) versus Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy (BS Pharm) only holders were analyzed.
RESULTS
The overall subsequent career paths of graduates matched the initial students' career choices in 30.8% of cases. While the top initial students' career choices were community pharmacy (36.1%), clinical pharmacy (31.4%), and pharmaceutical industry (12.9%), the top subsequent graduates' career paths were however the pharmaceutical industry (30.7%), community pharmacy (17.9%), and clinical pharmacy (7.9%). Work in the pharmaceutical industry and community pharmacy and the pursuit of masters and/or PhD were mostly followed by BS Pharm graduates, whereas PharmD holders predominantly pursued clinical pharmacy.
CONCLUSIONS
Pharmacy graduates' career paths infrequently matched their initial career choices as students. Pharmacy curricula should prepare students for diverse career paths.
背景
药学专业提供了多样的职业道路。然而，药学专业的学生可能并不熟悉这些不同的道路，可能难以选择一条最适合自己兴趣、目标和价值观的道路。关于药学专业学生职业兴趣的文献报道有限。然而，尚无研究评估药学专业毕业生最终的职业道路与其学生时代最初选择的职业道路相比情况如何。因此，本研究的主要目的是比较药学专业学生最初的职业选择与其后续的职业道路。
方法
这是一项描述性横断面研究，分析了药学专业学生参加职业机会课程时最初的职业选择数据以及毕业后的后续职业道路数据。学生最初职业选择的数据是从2012年至2019学年一门职业机会选修课程的记录中回顾性收集的。根据以往的就业调查，从学校记录中检索了后续毕业生的职业道路以及研究生和研究生教育的数据。然后将后续毕业生的职业道路与其各自学生最初的职业选择进行比较。分析了拥有药学博士学位（PharmD）的毕业生与仅拥有药学理学学士学位（BS Pharm）的毕业生的职业道路。
结果
毕业生总体后续职业道路与最初学生职业选择相符的情况占30.8%。虽然最初学生最主要的职业选择是社区药房（36.1%）、临床药房（31.4%）和制药行业（12.9%），但后续毕业生最主要的职业道路却是制药行业（30.7%）、社区药房（17.9%）和临床药房（7.9%）。药学理学学士毕业生大多从事制药行业和社区药房工作并攻读硕士和/或博士学位，而药学博士学位持有者主要从事临床药房工作。
结论
药学专业毕业生的职业道路很少与其学生时代最初的职业选择相符。药学课程应让学生为多样的职业道路做好准备。
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