1994年至2024年中国猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒1型的出现、流行及演变

Emergence, prevalence and evolution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 in China from 1994 to 2024.

作者信息

Qiu Yuejia, Qiu Ming, Li Shubin, Li Shubo, Zhu Jianzhong, Tian Kegong, Chen Nanhua

机构信息

College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, 225009, China; International Research Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonotic Diseases of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.

出版信息

Virology. 2025 Apr;605:110457. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110457. Epub 2025 Feb 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2025.110457

PMID:39999587

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 (PRRSV-1) was first detected in Chinese swine herds during an epidemiological investigation since 1994. Even though PRRSV-1 has been existed in China for 30 years, much less attention was paid on PRRSV-1 than PRRSV-2. This review systematically evaluated the emergence, prevalence and evolution of Chinese PRRSV-1 from 1994 to 2024. Here we showed that PRRSV-1 has been detected in at least 28 regions of China, which can be divided into eight subgroups within subtype 1. During the evolution in Chinese swine herds, a large number of substitutions, insertions and deletions were identified. Recombination events were also commonly detected accompanying with nsp1-nsp3, nsp9-nsp10 and ORF2-ORF6 regions as the cross-over hotspots. Remarkably, Chinese PRRSV-1 isolates showed a trend of increasing in pathogenicity in recent years. At last, we discussed the differential detection methods and cross-protection strategies against PRRSV-1 isolates. Overall, PRRSV-1 has become one of the widely-spread viruses in China posing a significant threat to China's swine industry.

摘要

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒1型（PRRSV-1）自1994年以来在中国猪群的一次流行病学调查中首次被检测到。尽管PRRSV-1在中国已存在30年，但与PRRSV-2相比，对PRRSV-1的关注要少得多。本综述系统评估了1994年至2024年中国PRRSV-1的出现、流行和进化情况。我们在此表明，PRRSV-1已在中国至少28个地区被检测到，其在1型亚型内可分为八个亚组。在中国猪群的进化过程中，鉴定出大量的替换、插入和缺失。重组事件也经常被检测到，nsp1-nsp3、nsp9-nsp10和ORF2-ORF6区域为交叉热点。值得注意的是，近年来中国PRRSV-1分离株的致病性呈上升趋势。最后，我们讨论了针对PRRSV-1分离株的差异检测方法和交叉保护策略。总体而言，PRRSV-1已成为在中国广泛传播的病毒之一，对中国养猪业构成重大威胁。