Kashyap Prem Lal, Kumar Sudheer, Khanna Annie, Jasrotia Poonam, Singh Gyanendra
ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
Regional Center, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 334001, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Feb 27;41(3):79. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04286-x.
Biotrophic and necrotrophic fungi are responsible for causing a range of diseases in wheat, resulting in significant economic losses and a decline in quality. Effective management of these diseases generally involves a combination of resistance breeding, chemical treatments, and cultural practices. However, traditional breeding methods have made limited progress due to the slow pace of genetic improvements, the complexity of the wheat genome, and the quantitative nature of disease resistance traits, along with the constantly evolving virulence of pathogens. This situation has prompted research into more effective and eco-friendly alternatives, such as biological control. Recent studies have concentrated on using antagonistic microbes to decrease the reliance on chemical pesticides while enhancing wheat health and productivity. A comprehensive overview of current knowledge on wheat disease outbreaks is being developed, with a focus on advancements in biological control strategies. The review will first discuss the key fungal pathogens and their associated diseases, followed by a summary of biological control methods, particularly emphasizing potential microbial antagonists. Additionally, it will explore strategies to improve the efficacy of biocontrol agents, which are crucial for a holistic and sustainable approach to wheat disease management. Ultimately, the article will highlight the role of biological control in promoting more sustainable agricultural practices, particularly concerning wheat diseases, in alignment with the UN sustainable development goals.
活体营养型和死体营养型真菌会引发小麦的一系列病害，造成重大经济损失并导致品质下降。有效管理这些病害通常需要综合运用抗病育种、化学处理和栽培措施。然而，由于遗传改良进展缓慢、小麦基因组复杂、抗病性状的数量特性以及病原体毒力不断演变，传统育种方法取得的进展有限。这种情况促使人们研究更有效且环保的替代方法，如生物防治。最近的研究集中在利用拮抗微生物来减少对化学农药的依赖，同时增强小麦的健康状况和生产力。目前正在对小麦病害爆发的现有知识进行全面概述，重点是生物防治策略的进展。该综述将首先讨论关键的真菌病原体及其相关病害，接着总结生物防治方法，特别强调潜在的微生物拮抗剂。此外，还将探讨提高生物防治剂功效的策略，这对于全面、可持续的小麦病害管理方法至关重要。最终，本文将强调生物防治在促进更可持续农业实践中的作用，特别是在小麦病害方面，这与联合国可持续发展目标相一致。
