Bushi Ganesh, Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli, Gaidhane Shilpa, S Renuka Jyothi, Srivastava Manish, Koul Apurva, Kumar M Ravi, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Rustagi Sarvesh, Sah Sanjit, Serhan Hashem Abu, Shabil Muhammed
Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Evidence for Policy and Learning, Global Center for Evidence Synthesis, Chandigarh, India.
Brain Behav. 2025 Mar;15(3):e70048. doi: 10.1002/brb3.70048.
Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition, is hypothesized to influence cognitive health; however, the precise nature of this association remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the prevalence and risk of cognitive impairment in individuals with asthma.
A comprehensive literature search was performed in databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, spanning publications up to December 25, 2023. This search aimed to identify studies that assessed cognitive impairment in patients with asthma. We used the random effects model in the R v4.3 software for the meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence and risk of cognitive decline, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease, among asthma patients. To ensure robustness and validity, the quality of the studies was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, of these 10 were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment in patients with asthma was 16.3%. The analysis also revealed an increased hazard ratio of 1.47 (95% confidence interval [1.09; 1.84]) for cognitive impairment in patients with asthma compared to the control group (individuals without asthma). Significant heterogeneity and publication bias were observed across the studies. The results underscored the substantial correlation between asthma and heightened risks of cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease.
This review found a notable association between asthma and an increased risk of cognitive decline, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease. These findings highlight the importance of integrating cognitive health assessments into asthma care. Further research is required to understand this relationship and develop effective treatments. Emphasizing a holistic approach to asthma management, these findings highlight the need to consider both respiratory and cognitive health for comprehensive patient care.
哮喘是一种常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，据推测会影响认知健康；然而，这种关联的确切性质仍不清楚。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在阐明哮喘患者认知障碍的患病率和风险。
在PubMed、EMBASE和Web of Science等数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，检索范围涵盖截至2023年12月25日的出版物。该检索旨在确定评估哮喘患者认知障碍的研究。我们在R v4.3软件中使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，以评估哮喘患者中认知衰退（包括痴呆和阿尔茨海默病）的患病率和风险。为确保稳健性和有效性，使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量。
12项研究符合纳入标准，其中10项符合荟萃分析的条件。哮喘患者认知障碍的合并患病率为16.3%。分析还显示，与对照组（无哮喘个体）相比，哮喘患者认知障碍的风险比增加了1.47（95%置信区间[1.09；1.84]）。各研究间观察到显著的异质性和发表偏倚。结果强调了哮喘与认知衰退、痴呆和阿尔茨海默病风险增加之间的实质性关联。
本综述发现哮喘与认知衰退风险增加（包括痴呆和阿尔茨海默病）之间存在显著关联。这些发现凸显了将认知健康评估纳入哮喘护理的重要性。需要进一步研究以了解这种关系并开发有效的治疗方法。这些发现强调了哮喘管理的整体方法，突出了在全面的患者护理中考虑呼吸和认知健康的必要性。
