Abdelmageed Sunny, Votoupal Megan, Lam Sandi K, Garcia Roxanna M
Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann and Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
BMJ Public Health. 2024 Jun 22;2(1):e000746. doi: 10.1136/bmjph-2023-000746. eCollection 2024 Jun.
To comprehensively describe the epidemiology and morbidity of spina bifida in Hispanic Americans and identify risk factors associated with the increased prevalence of spina bifida.
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Three databases (MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus) were searched between inception of the database and June 2023. Study designs included case-control, descriptive, cross-sectional and databases.
Observational and experimental analytical studies reporting epidemiology or morbidity of spina bifida in Hispanic Americans or Latinx individuals were eligible.
Data were extracted independently by authors. Descriptive analysis was used to summarise findings.
Of 392 publications, 32 studies met inclusion criteria. Study periods ranged from 1955 to 2020. A total of 50 382 patients with spina bifida were included and 13 209 identified as Hispanic American (26.2%). Five studies report higher prevalence of spina bifida at birth per 10 000 births in Hispanic Americans compared with non-Hispanic white individuals, while one reported no significant difference (2.11 vs 2.24). Risk factors associated with spina bifida included prenatal exposures, sociodemographic factors and maternal clinical characteristics. Lower levels of maternal education, age and income were associated with an increased risk of spina bifida. Eleven papers found spina bifida had high morbidity among Hispanic Americans resulting in high financial, physical and socioeconomic impacts. There was high study heterogeneity that can be explained by the varying time periods and geographical distribution.
Increased prevalence and morbidity of spina bifida in Hispanic Americans are due to a variety of inter-related factors relating to existing health disparities. High heterogeneity across the studies suggests a need for future studies and increased standardisation of reporting guidelines.
全面描述西班牙裔美国人脊柱裂的流行病学和发病率，并确定与脊柱裂患病率增加相关的风险因素。
按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目指南进行系统评价。
在数据库建立至2023年6月期间检索了三个数据库（MEDLINE、Embase和Scopus）。研究设计包括病例对照研究、描述性研究、横断面研究和数据库研究。
报告西班牙裔美国人或拉丁裔个体脊柱裂流行病学或发病率的观察性和实验性分析研究符合要求。
作者独立提取数据。采用描述性分析总结研究结果。
在392篇出版物中，32项研究符合纳入标准。研究时间段从1955年至2020年。共纳入50382例脊柱裂患者，其中13209例为西班牙裔美国人（26.2%）。五项研究报告称，西班牙裔美国人每10000例出生中脊柱裂的出生患病率高于非西班牙裔白人，而一项研究报告无显著差异（2.11对2.24）。与脊柱裂相关的风险因素包括产前暴露、社会人口学因素和母亲的临床特征。母亲教育水平、年龄和收入较低与脊柱裂风险增加相关。11篇论文发现脊柱裂在西班牙裔美国人中发病率较高，造成了高昂的经济、身体和社会经济影响。研究存在高度异质性，这可以通过不同的时间段和地理分布来解释。
西班牙裔美国人脊柱裂患病率和发病率增加是由于与现有健康差距相关的多种相互关联因素。研究之间的高度异质性表明未来需要开展研究并提高报告指南的标准化程度。
