Kumar Dileep, Hussain Shehzad, Jose Vazhappilly Binjo, Akbar Sadia, Fathy Maarouf Ahmed
Department of Cardiology, Phoenix Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Phoenix Hospital, Abu Dhabi, ARE.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 27;17(1):e78062. doi: 10.7759/cureus.78062. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Prediabetes is characterized by impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), which can lead to cardiovascular complications. This study aims to determine the effects of lifestyle modification on glycemic outcomes in prediabetic individuals.
This quasi-experimental trial was conducted at the Department of Adult Cardiology, Phoenix Hospital, Abu Dhabi. Participants aged ≥18 years, of either gender, diagnosed with prediabetes as defined by hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.7% and 6.4% were included in the study. Participants underwent a three-month lifestyle modification, adapted from cardiac rehabilitation principles, which included glycemic control, nutritional counseling, physical activity counseling, and exercise training. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c levels following the intervention. Data analysis was performed using RStudio (Posit Software, Boston, MA).
A total number of 101 participants were enrolled, and 96 people completed the study. The average age of the participants was 44.80 ± 8.27 years. Most individuals were males, 85 (88.5%), and 11 females accounted for 11.5%. Postintervention, 25 participants (26%) reverted to normoglycemia, while 67 (69.8%) remained prediabetic, and 4 (4.2%) progressed to diabetes. Significant reductions in HbA1c levels were observed (p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in outcomes based on age, gender, or clinical characteristics. The program demonstrated strong adherence, with a retention rate of 95%.
Lifestyle modification effectively improved glycemic control and reduced the progression of diabetes in prediabetic individuals. The findings support the integration of lifestyle interventions for managing prediabetes.
糖尿病前期的特征是空腹血糖受损或糖耐量受损（IGT），这可能导致心血管并发症。本研究旨在确定生活方式改变对糖尿病前期个体血糖结果的影响。
这项准实验性试验在阿布扎比凤凰医院成人心脏病科进行。纳入年龄≥18岁、性别不限、根据糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平在5.7%至6.4%之间诊断为糖尿病前期的参与者。参与者接受了为期三个月的生活方式改变，改编自心脏康复原则，包括血糖控制、营养咨询、体育活动咨询和运动训练。主要结果是干预后HbA1c水平的变化。使用RStudio（Posit软件，马萨诸塞州波士顿）进行数据分析。
共招募了101名参与者，96人完成了研究。参与者的平均年龄为44.80±8.27岁。大多数个体为男性，85人（88.5%），女性11人占11.5%。干预后，25名参与者（26%）恢复为正常血糖，67名（69.8%）仍处于糖尿病前期，4名（4.2%）进展为糖尿病。观察到HbA1c水平显著降低（p<0.05）。亚组分析显示，基于年龄、性别或临床特征的结果无显著差异。该项目表现出很强的依从性，保留率为95%。
生活方式改变有效地改善了糖尿病前期个体的血糖控制，并减少了糖尿病的进展。这些发现支持将生活方式干预纳入糖尿病前期的管理。
