泰国自然感染猫支原体属感染的分子调查与特征分析

Molecular Investigation and Characterization of Mycoplasma spp. infections in Naturally Infected Cats in Thailand.

作者信息

Pimpjong Kiattisak, Ratyotha Kanokwan, Rungruang Thanvarat, Thongpriam Napaporn, Vaisusuk Kotchaphon, Piratae Supawadee

机构信息

Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, Thailand.

Department of Veterinary Technology and Veterinary Nursing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, Thailand.

出版信息

Acta Parasitol. 2025 Feb 28;70(2):62. doi: 10.1007/s11686-025-01002-5.

DOI:10.1007/s11686-025-01002-5

PMID:40019641

Abstract

PURPOSE

Mycoplasma spp. are hemotropic parasites that attach to the surface of red blood cells, causing hemolytic anemia in infected cats. These pathogens can result in significant clinical consequences, including death if left untreated. Despite their importance, molecular studies on Mycoplasma infections in Thailand remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Mycoplasma spp. infections in cats, identify specific species involved, and assess hematologic changes in infected cats. Additionally, phylogenetic relationships of Mycoplasma species were analyzed.

METHODS

A total of 149 blood samples were collected from cats visiting veterinary hospitals in four provinces of Thailand including Samut Prakan, Udon Thani, Chaiyaphum, and Maha Sarakham for routine check-ups, vaccinations, or illness, without specific signs of infection. PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene was used to detect Mycoplasma spp., followed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis for species identification.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of Mycoplasma spp. infection was 17.45% (95% CI: 11.73-24.51), comprising Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum (CMhm) (14.09%), Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) (2.01%), and Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis (CMt) (1.34%). Sequencing of 26 positive PCR products identified CMhm in 21 samples, Mhf in 3 samples, and CMt in 2 samples, revealing seven distinct haplotypes. All Mycoplasma species identified in this study showed 99-100% nucleotide similarity with those available in the GenBank database. Hematologic analysis revealed no significant changes in most parameters, except for a statistically significant decrease in platelet count (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides information on the molecular epidemiology and genetic identification of Mycoplasma spp., contributing to a better understanding of hemoplasma infections in Thai cats, which will aid in the control of these microorganisms.

摘要

目的

支原体属是嗜血性寄生虫，附着于红细胞表面，可导致受感染猫出现溶血性贫血。这些病原体可导致严重的临床后果，若不治疗可导致死亡。尽管其很重要，但泰国关于支原体感染的分子研究仍然有限。本研究旨在确定猫支原体属感染的流行率，鉴定所涉及的特定种类，并评估受感染猫的血液学变化。此外，还分析了支原体物种的系统发育关系。

方法

从泰国四个省份（北柳府、乌隆他尼府、猜也奔府和玛哈沙拉堪府）的兽医医院采集了149份猫血样，这些猫前来进行常规检查、接种疫苗或患病，无特定感染迹象。采用靶向16S rRNA基因的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测支原体属，随后进行DNA测序和系统发育分析以鉴定物种。

结果

支原体属感染的总体流行率为17.45%（95%置信区间：11.73 - 24.51），包括暂定血支原体（CMhm）（14.09%）、溶血支原体（Mhf）（2.01%）和暂定图氏支原体（CMt）（1.34%）。对26个阳性PCR产物进行测序，在21个样本中鉴定出CMhm，3个样本中鉴定出Mhf，2个样本中鉴定出CMt，共揭示出7种不同的单倍型。本研究中鉴定出的所有支原体物种与GenBank数据库中的物种显示出99 - 100%的核苷酸相似性。血液学分析显示，除血小板计数有统计学显著下降（P < 0.01）外，大多数参数无显著变化。