Tastan Eroglu Zeynep, Kalender Muhammed Emin, Ucan Yarkac Fatma, Babayigit Osman, Ozkan Sen Dilek
Department of Periodontology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry, Konya, Turkey.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Feb 28;25(1):321. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05702-2.
Periodontal diseases could cause halitosis and may impair taste and smell. While non-surgical periodontal therapy is known to reduce halitosis, its effects on taste and smell are less studied. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing self-perceived halitosis, taste, and smell, as well as the changes in these perceptions after periodontal therapy.
A total of 183 participants were divided into three groups: 61 patients with periodontitis, 61 with gingivitis, and 61 who were gingivally healthy. Periodontal parameters and self-perceived halitosis, taste, and smell were evaluated at baseline and four weeks after non-surgical periodontal treatment using a visual analog scale (VAS). Robust regression analysis was used to assess independent variables influencing baseline VAS ratings.
The periodontitis group had the lowest taste perception and the highest self-perceived halitosis scores (p < 0.05). Taste perception was negatively associated with ≥ 4 mm pockets (p = 0.002). A positive relationship was also observed between the plaque index and self-perceived halitosis (p = 0.030). Post-treatment, taste perception improved significantly in all groups (p < 0.05), in parallel with improvements in periodontal parameters. Additionally, self-perceived halitosis showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05). The improvement in smell perception was statistically significant in the gingivally healthy and periodontitis groups (p < 0.05).
Periodontal disease may contribute to the development of chemosensory disorders. While the main goal of periodontal treatment is disease management, it can also improve taste and smell function. Oral hygiene practices play an essential role in the development of these improvements. However, further research is needed on the subject.
The study was registered as "Investigation of Halitosis, Taste, and Smell in Terms of Periodontal Condition Stated by Patients and Periodontal Diagnosis by Dentists, and Then Evaluation of Change Before and After Treatment" with the registration number NCT06063460 (13/09/2023) at https://www.
gov Protocol Registration and Results System.
This clinical trial was registered prior to participant recruitment on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06063460,13.09.2023).
牙周疾病可导致口臭，并可能损害味觉和嗅觉。虽然非手术牙周治疗已知可减少口臭，但其对味觉和嗅觉的影响研究较少。本研究旨在调查影响自我感知的口臭、味觉和嗅觉的因素，以及牙周治疗后这些感知的变化。
总共183名参与者被分为三组：61名牙周炎患者、61名牙龈炎患者和61名牙龈健康者。在基线时以及非手术牙周治疗四周后，使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估牙周参数以及自我感知的口臭、味觉和嗅觉。采用稳健回归分析来评估影响基线VAS评分的自变量。
牙周炎组的味觉感知最低，自我感知的口臭得分最高（p < 0.05）。味觉感知与≥4毫米的牙周袋呈负相关（p = 0.002）。菌斑指数与自我感知的口臭之间也观察到正相关关系（p = 0.030）。治疗后，所有组的味觉感知均显著改善（p < 0.05），同时牙周参数也有所改善。此外，自我感知的口臭显著降低（p < 0.05）。牙龈健康组和牙周炎组的嗅觉感知改善具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。
牙周疾病可能导致化学感觉障碍的发生。虽然牙周治疗的主要目标是疾病管理，但它也可以改善味觉和嗅觉功能。口腔卫生习惯在这些改善中起着至关重要的作用。然而，关于该主题还需要进一步研究。
该临床试验在招募参与者之前已在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册（NCT06063460，2023年9月13日）。
