Useni S, Odume B, Tukur M, Chukwu E, Nwokoye N, Ogbudebe C, Chukwuogo O, Osuoji U, Igwetu C, Gordon I, Nongo D, Eneogu R, Ihesie A, Chukwuekezie O, Anyaike C, Diul M Y
KNCV Nigeria, Programmes, Abuja, Nigeria.
USAID Mission Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
Public Health Action. 2025 Mar 1;15(1):17-20. doi: 10.5588/pha.24.0040. eCollection 2025 Mar.
TB screening cascade and performance of active case-finding strategies across six states of Nigeria.
To analyse the impact of portable digital X-ray (PDX) on TB screening in hard-to-reach areas in Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study involving enrollees with a CAD4TB score of ≥50 had Xpert (sputum) and/or radiographic assessment for TB diagnosis. A TB screening algorithm guided the step-by-step process of identifying a presumptive TB client up to diagnosis and linkage for appropriate treatment. Data were collected, collated, and reported using the national TB tools.
Seven PDX with CAD4TB used as TB screening and diagnostic tools across six states screened 85,910 persons and identified 8,416 presumptive TB cases. From this study, PDX had the lowest number needed to screen (NNS) of 45 and the number needed to test (NNT) of 4. Similarly, PDX, with a presumptive TB yield of 10%, had the highest TB yield of 23%.
Using PDX with CAD contributed to the highest TB yield during Active TB case finding in hard-to-communities of Nigeria. With a very low NNS and NNT, its national scale-up and use across remote locations will significantly improve TB case-finding.
尼日利亚六个州的结核病筛查流程及主动病例发现策略的实施情况。
分析便携式数字X线摄影（PDX）对尼日利亚难以到达地区结核病筛查的影响。
一项横断面研究，纳入CAD4TB评分≥50的受试者，采用Xpert（痰液）检测和/或影像学评估进行结核病诊断。结核病筛查算法指导了从识别疑似结核病患者到诊断及联系适当治疗的逐步过程。使用国家结核病工具收集、整理和报告数据。
在六个州使用CAD4TB的七台PDX作为结核病筛查和诊断工具，共筛查了85,910人，识别出8,416例疑似结核病病例。在本研究中，PDX的最低筛查人数（NNS）为45，最低检测人数（NNT）为4。同样，PDX的疑似结核病检出率为10%，结核病最高检出率为23%。
在尼日利亚难以到达的社区进行活动性结核病病例发现期间，使用带有CAD的PDX可实现最高的结核病检出率。由于NNS和NNT非常低，在全国范围内扩大其使用并在偏远地区推广将显著改善结核病病例发现情况。
