Galliani Marina, Greco Francesco, Ismailova Esma, Ferrari Laura M
The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera 56025, Italy.
Mines Saint-Etienne, Centre Microélectronique de Provence, Gardanne 13120, France.
ACS Appl Electron Mater. 2025 Feb 5;7(4):1408-1414. doi: 10.1021/acsaelm.4c01902. eCollection 2025 Feb 25.
Tattoo sensors offer many of the features of next-generation epidermal devices. They are ultrathin and conformable electrodes that have been shown to record high-quality biosignals from the skin. Moreover, they can be fabricated through large-area processing such as printing. Here, we report on printed poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) tattoo electrodes breathability. Epidermal devices require a breathable interface to ensure a physiological transepidermal water loss for reduced skin inflammation and discomfort of the user. In this work, we deeply examine the polymeric tattoo sensor's permeability properties with complementary experiments. By assessing the water permeance, the water-vapor transmission rate, and the impedance spectroscopy of polymeric tattoo electrodes, we show that they are intrinsically breathable, establishing a dry interface with the skin. The stability of such a dry interface is shown through the recording of muscle activity during sport when the sweat rate is much higher. While breathability is often hindered in conventional epidermal sensors, in PEDOT:PSS tattoo electrodes, it lies at the core of a stable sensor performance.
纹身传感器具备下一代表皮装置的诸多特性。它们是超薄且贴合的电极，已被证明能够记录来自皮肤的高质量生物信号。此外，它们可以通过诸如印刷等大面积加工工艺制造。在此，我们报告印刷聚（3,4 - 乙撑二氧噻吩）聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT:PSS）纹身电极的透气性。表皮装置需要一个透气的界面，以确保生理经皮水分流失，从而减轻皮肤炎症和使用者的不适感。在这项工作中，我们通过补充实验深入研究了聚合物纹身传感器的渗透性。通过评估聚合物纹身电极的透水性、水蒸气透过率和阻抗谱，我们表明它们本质上是透气的，能与皮肤建立干燥界面。当出汗率高得多时，通过记录运动期间的肌肉活动，展示了这种干燥界面的稳定性。虽然透气性在传统表皮传感器中常常受到阻碍，但在PEDOT:PSS纹身电极中，它是稳定传感器性能的核心。
