Ameen Sameera Sh Mohammed, Omer Khalid M, Shalileh Farzaneh, Hosseini Morteza
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Zakho, Zakho, Kurdistan region, 42002, Iraq.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qliasan St. 46002, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan region, Iraq.
Mater Horiz. 2025 May 19;12(10):3301-3319. doi: 10.1039/d4mh01932f.
In biochemical sensing, substantial progress has been achieved in the design, development, and application of metallic nanoclusters (NCs) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as distinct entities. Integration of these two nanostructured materials is a promising strategy to form innovative composites with improved properties. Some improvements include (i) supporting platform to minimize the aggregation of NCs and enhance the emission efficiency; (ii) dual-emitting NCs@MOFs from the fluorescent/non-fluorescent MOFs and/or fluorescent NCs; and (iii) stability enhancement. These improvements increase the sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and color tonality, lower the limit of detection, and improve other analytical figures of merits. In this review, we outline the preparation methods of NCs@MOF composites with the improvements offered by them in the field of biochemical analysis. Analytical applications in different fields, such as bioanalysis, environmental monitoring and food safety, are presented. Finally, we address the challenges that remain in the development and application of these composites, such as ensuring stability, enhancing the fluorescence intensity, and improving selectivity and scalability. Furthermore, perspectives on future research directions in this rapidly evolving field are offered.
在生化传感领域，作为不同实体的金属纳米团簇（NCs）和金属有机框架（MOFs）在设计、开发及应用方面已取得了重大进展。将这两种纳米结构材料整合是形成具有改进性能的创新复合材料的一种有前景的策略。一些改进包括：（i）支撑平台，以最小化纳米团簇的聚集并提高发射效率；（ii）由荧光/非荧光金属有机框架和/或荧光纳米团簇构成的双发射纳米团簇@金属有机框架；以及（iii）稳定性增强。这些改进提高了灵敏度、信噪比和色调，降低了检测限，并改善了其他分析性能指标。在本综述中，我们概述了纳米团簇@金属有机框架复合材料的制备方法以及它们在生化分析领域所带来的改进。还介绍了在生物分析、环境监测和食品安全等不同领域的分析应用。最后，我们阐述了这些复合材料在开发和应用中仍然存在的挑战，如确保稳定性、增强荧光强度以及提高选择性和可扩展性。此外，还提供了关于这个快速发展领域未来研究方向的展望。
