Metwaly Amira, Kriaa Aicha, Hassani Zahra, Carraturo Federica, Druart Celine, Arnauts Kaline, Wilmes Paul, Walter Jens, Rosshart Stephan, Desai Mahesh S, Dore Joel, Fasano Alessio, Blottiere Hervé M, Maguin Emmanuelle, Haller Dirk
Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany.
ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany.
Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2025 May;22(5):343-356. doi: 10.1038/s41575-025-01041-3. Epub 2025 Mar 3.
The gut microbiome comprises trillions of microorganisms and profoundly influences human health by modulating metabolism, immune responses and neuronal functions. Disruption in gut microbiome composition is implicated in various inflammatory conditions, metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. However, determining the underlying mechanisms and establishing cause and effect is extremely difficult. Preclinical models offer crucial insights into the role of the gut microbiome in diseases and help identify potential therapeutic interventions. The Human Microbiome Action Consortium initiated a Delphi survey to assess the utility of preclinical models, including animal and cell-based models, in elucidating the causal role of the gut microbiome in these diseases. The Delphi survey aimed to address the complexity of selecting appropriate preclinical models to investigate disease causality and to study host-microbiome interactions effectively. We adopted a structured approach encompassing a literature review, expert workshops and the Delphi questionnaire to gather insights from a diverse range of stakeholders. Experts were requested to evaluate the strengths, limitations, and suitability of these models in addressing the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and disease pathogenesis. The resulting consensus statements and recommendations provide valuable insights for selecting preclinical models in future studies of gut microbiome-related diseases.
肠道微生物群由数万亿微生物组成，通过调节新陈代谢、免疫反应和神经功能，对人类健康产生深远影响。肠道微生物群组成的破坏与各种炎症性疾病、代谢紊乱和神经退行性疾病有关。然而，确定潜在机制并建立因果关系极其困难。临床前模型为了解肠道微生物群在疾病中的作用提供了关键见解，并有助于确定潜在的治疗干预措施。人类微生物组行动联盟发起了一项德尔菲调查，以评估临床前模型（包括动物模型和细胞模型）在阐明肠道微生物群在这些疾病中的因果作用方面的效用。德尔菲调查旨在解决选择合适的临床前模型以研究疾病因果关系并有效研究宿主-微生物群相互作用的复杂性。我们采用了一种结构化方法，包括文献综述、专家研讨会和德尔菲问卷，以收集来自不同利益相关者的见解。要求专家评估这些模型在解决肠道微生物群与疾病发病机制之间因果关系方面的优势、局限性和适用性。由此产生的共识声明和建议为未来肠道微生物群相关疾病研究中选择临床前模型提供了有价值的见解。
