Wang Xudong, Wu Wenao, Ao Gukailin, Han Mengguang, Liu Mengli, Yin Rui, Feng Jiguang, Zhu Biao
State Key Laboratory for Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, and College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Glob Chang Biol. 2025 Mar;31(3):e70104. doi: 10.1111/gcb.70104.
Climate warming has caused widespread global concern. However, how warming affects soil microbial diversity, richness, and community structure on a global scale remains poorly understood. Here we conduct a meta-analysis of 945 observations from 100 publications by collecting relevant data. The results show that field warming experiments significantly modify soil temperature (+1.8°C), soil water content (-3.2%), and soil pH (-0.04). However, field warming does not significantly alter the diversity, richness, and community structure of soil bacteria and fungi. Warming-induced changes in soil variables (i.e., ΔSoil water content, ΔpH), ΔTemperature and experimental duration are important factors influencing the microbial responses to warming. In addition, soil bacterial α-diversity (Shannon index) decreases significantly (-3.4%) when the warming duration is 3-6 years, and bacterial β-diversity increases significantly (35.2%) when warming exceeds 6 years. Meta-regression analysis reveals a positive correlation between the change of bacterial Shannon index and ΔpH. Moreover, warming produces more pronounced effects on fungal Shannon index and β-diversity in experimental sites with moderate mean annual temperature (MAT, 0°C-10°C) than in higher (> 10°C) or lower (< 0°C) MAT. Overall, this study provides a global perspective on the response of soil microorganisms to climate warming and improves our knowledge of the factors influencing the response of soil microorganisms to warming.
气候变暖已引起全球广泛关注。然而，在全球范围内，变暖如何影响土壤微生物多样性、丰富度和群落结构仍知之甚少。在此，我们通过收集相关数据，对来自100篇出版物的945个观测数据进行了荟萃分析。结果表明，田间增温实验显著改变了土壤温度（升高1.8°C）、土壤含水量（降低3.2%）和土壤pH值（降低0.04）。然而，田间增温并未显著改变土壤细菌和真菌的多样性、丰富度及群落结构。增温引起的土壤变量变化（即Δ土壤含水量、ΔpH值）、Δ温度和实验持续时间是影响微生物对增温响应的重要因素。此外，当增温持续3至6年时，土壤细菌α多样性（香农指数）显著降低（-3.4%），而当增温超过6年时，细菌β多样性显著增加（35.2%）。荟萃回归分析表明细菌香农指数变化与ΔpH值之间呈正相关。此外，与年均温度较高（>10°C）或较低（<0°C）的实验地点相比，在年均温度适中（MAT，0°C至10°C）的实验地点，增温对真菌香农指数和β多样性的影响更为显著。总体而言，本研究从全球视角探讨了土壤微生物对气候变暖的响应，增进了我们对影响土壤微生物对变暖响应因素的认识。
