Iwai Hironori, Kurihara Yu, Kono Nobuaki, Hojo Masaru K, Yamaguchi Katsushi, Shigenobu Shuji, Ozaki Mamiko, Koto Akiko, Arakawa Kazuharu
Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Yamagata 997-0017, Japan.
DNA Res. 2025 Mar 1;32(2). doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsaf005.
Polyrhachis lamellidens is a temporary socially parasitic ant. The newly mated P. lamellidens queen takes over a colony of several Camponotus ant species and uses the labour of the host workers in the early stages of social parasitism. To facilitate genomic resources for these species, we assembled and annotated the chromosomal genome of P. lamellidens using the 10× Genomics linked-read and Hi-C sequencing, and the draft genome of its host, Camponotus japonicus, using long-read sequencing with the Revio system. The P. lamellidens chromosomal genome assembly is 214.1 Mb, 95.5% BUSCO completeness, and contains 13,703 protein-coding genes. The C. japonicus draft genome assembly is 314.2 Mb, 99.0% BUSCO completeness, and contains 11,207 protein-coding genes. Genome-wide phylogeny and synteny analysis confirmed the phylogenetic position of P. lamellidens and C. japonicus, and a high level of synteny with the genome of both ant species. In addition, P. lamellidens possesses nearly identical chemosensory proteins to its host, C. japonicus, and these genes tended to exhibit higher expression levels in the newly mated queen. The genome assemblies of P. lamellidens and its host C. japonicus provide a valuable resource for the molecular biological and bioinformatic basis for studying the strategy of social parasitism in ants.
扁头猛蚁是一种临时性社会寄生蚂蚁。新交配的扁头猛蚁蚁后会接管几种弓背蚁属蚂蚁的蚁群，并在社会寄生的早期阶段利用宿主工蚁的劳动力。为了为这些物种提供基因组资源，我们使用10×基因组学连接读数和Hi-C测序组装并注释了扁头猛蚁的染色体基因组，并使用Revio系统的长读长测序技术组装并注释了其宿主日本弓背蚁的基因组草图。扁头猛蚁的染色体基因组组装大小为214.1 Mb，BUSCO完整性为95.5%，包含13,703个蛋白质编码基因。日本弓背蚁的基因组草图组装大小为314.2 Mb，BUSCO完整性为99.0%，包含11,207个蛋白质编码基因。全基因组系统发育和共线性分析证实了扁头猛蚁和日本弓背蚁的系统发育位置，以及这两种蚂蚁基因组之间的高度共线性。此外，扁头猛蚁拥有与其宿主日本弓背蚁几乎相同的化学感应蛋白，并且这些基因在新交配的蚁后中往往表现出更高的表达水平。扁头猛蚁及其宿主日本弓背蚁的基因组组装为研究蚂蚁社会寄生策略的分子生物学和生物信息学基础提供了宝贵的资源。
