Liu Bojie, Liu Gengyuan, Li Hao, Hu Jiang, Shang Xin, Yao Jingyue, Xue Tianran, Zhang Yichi, Chen Caocao, Xu Linyu
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100840, China.
iScience. 2025 Jan 31;28(3):111923. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2025.111923. eCollection 2025 Mar 21.
Amid the rapid deployment of third-generation nuclear power, our understanding of its actual contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions remains limited. In a case study focused on China's mainstream third-generation nuclear power technology, HPR1000, we constructed a life cycle carbon accounting framework for nuclear power plants (LCCA-NPP). Our analysis encompassed the entire life cycle of HPR1000, including construction, operation, and decommissioning. The total life cycle GHG emissions for HPR1000 range from 10.66 to 11.19 Tg COe, with the carbon emission intensity of 10.03-10.54 g COe/kWh. As China advances toward its carbon neutrality objective, the contribution of nuclear power in offsetting carbon emissions from fossil fuels is projected to rise from about 3% in 2020 to 7%-8% by 2030. By the mid-century mark in 2050, it is anticipated that nuclear power will offset roughly 70% of carbon emissions from fossil energy sources.
在第三代核电迅速部署的背景下，我们对其在减少温室气体（GHG）排放方面的实际贡献的了解仍然有限。在一项以中国主流第三代核电技术“华龙一号”（HPR1000）为重点的案例研究中，我们构建了核电站生命周期碳核算框架（LCCA-NPP）。我们的分析涵盖了“华龙一号”的整个生命周期，包括建设、运营和退役。“华龙一号”的全生命周期温室气体排放总量在10.66至11.19太克二氧化碳当量之间，碳排放强度为10.03-10.54克二氧化碳当量/千瓦时。随着中国朝着碳中和目标迈进，核电在抵消化石燃料碳排放方面的贡献预计将从2020年的约3%升至2030年的7%-8%。到2050年中叶，预计核电将抵消约70%的化石能源碳排放。
