Comroe J H
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1977 Jun;115(6):1035-44. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1977.115.6.1035.
In Part I of "Roast Pig and Scientific Discovery" (American Review of Respiratory Disease, May 1977). I gave a classic instance of Chance, or Serendipity, as related by Charles Lamb in his "Dissertation upon Roast Pig." In this essay, Lamb tells how many centuries ago Bo-Bo, the Chinese swine-herd's son, stumbled upon the delicacy of roast pork when he accidentally burned down his father's house and barn and in the process roasted ("burnt") nine newly farrowed pigs. I then gave (A) eight examples in which chance speeded or completed a scientist's ongoing work and (B) five examples in which chance changed the direction of a scientist's work and pointed him toward a new goal. In Part II, I will give more examples of a change in direction of a scientist's work that resulted from chance, and speculate on the role of chance in speeding the advance of science.
在《烤猪与科学发现》第一部分（《美国呼吸与危重症医学杂志》，1977年5月）中，我讲述了查尔斯·兰姆在其《论烤猪》中提到的一个有关机遇或意外发现的经典例子。在这篇文章里，兰姆讲述了许多世纪以前，中国猪倌的儿子波波，如何在意外烧毁父亲的房屋和谷仓时，偶然发现了烤猪肉的美味，在此过程中烤熟（“烧焦”）了九只刚出生的小猪。然后我给出了（A）八个机遇加速或完成科学家正在进行的工作的例子，以及（B）五个机遇改变科学家工作方向并使其指向新目标的例子。在第二部分中，我将给出更多因机遇导致科学家工作方向改变的例子，并推测机遇在加速科学进步中所起的作用。
