Vaezijoze Somayeh, Irani Shiva, Siadat Seyed Davar, Zali Mohammadreza
Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
AMB Express. 2025 Mar 5;15(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01852-2.
Obesity is a complex disorder influenced by various factors, including gut microbiota, which play a crucial role in metabolic regulation. This study is aimed to investigate the effects of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Bacteroides fragilis, along with their derivatives-outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and cell-free supernatant (CFS)-on the expression and secretion of satiety hormones in the murine intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1). We examined the expression of peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2 (GLP-1 and GLP-2, encoded by the GCG gene), the enzyme prohormone convertase-1 (PC1/PCSK1 gene), and the receptors G protein-coupled receptor 119 and 120 (GPR119 and GPR120), and G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5). Our results demonstrate that live B. fragilis significantly increased PYY expression and secretion. B. thetaiotaomicron CFS notably upregulated GCG, PCSK1, GPR119, GPR120, and TGR5 expression, leading to elevated GLP-1 secretion. B. fragilis CFS decreased GPR119, GPR120, and GCG expression. OMVs from B. thetaiotaomicron at 50 µg/ml significantly enhanced GCG and PCSK1 expression, while B. fragilis OMVs generally decreased gene expression, except for PYY protein abundance. Inactive B. thetaiotaomicron and B. fragilis increased GCG mRNA levels and GLP-1 concentration, with inactive B. fragilis also elevating GLP-2 protein levels.This study suggests that B. thetaiotaomicron and its derivatives, particularly CFS and OMVs, have potential as next-generation probiotics, postbiotics, and paraprobiotics for modulating satiety hormones and managing obesity. Further research is warranted to explore their mechanisms and therapeutic applications in vivo.
肥胖是一种受多种因素影响的复杂病症，包括肠道微生物群，其在代谢调节中起着关键作用。本研究旨在调查嗜热栖热放线菌和脆弱拟杆菌及其衍生物——外膜囊泡（OMV）和无细胞上清液（CFS）对小鼠肠促胰液素肿瘤细胞系（STC-1）中饱腹感激素表达和分泌的影响。我们检测了肽YY（PYY）、胰高血糖素样肽-1和-2（GLP-1和GLP-2，由GCG基因编码）、激素原转化酶-1（PC1/PCSK1基因）以及受体G蛋白偶联受体119和120（GPR119和GPR120）和G蛋白偶联胆汁酸受体（TGR5）的表达。我们的结果表明，活的脆弱拟杆菌显著增加了PYY的表达和分泌。嗜热栖热放线菌CFS显著上调了GCG、PCSK1、GPR119、GPR120和TGR5的表达，导致GLP-1分泌增加。脆弱拟杆菌CFS降低了GPR119、GPR120和GCG的表达。50μg/ml嗜热栖热放线菌的OMV显著增强了GCG和PCSK1的表达，而脆弱拟杆菌OMV通常会降低基因表达，但PYY蛋白丰度除外。无活性的嗜热栖热放线菌和脆弱拟杆菌增加了GCG mRNA水平和GLP-1浓度，无活性的脆弱拟杆菌还提高了GLP-2蛋白水平。本研究表明，嗜热栖热放线菌及其衍生物，特别是CFS和OMV，作为调节饱腹感激素和管理肥胖的下一代益生菌、后生元和副益生菌具有潜力。有必要进一步研究以探索它们在体内的作用机制和治疗应用。
