儿童新冠后状况的患病率和症状的年龄差异：一项前瞻性队列研究
Age differences in prevalence and symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition among children: a prospective cohort study.
作者信息
Wu Yixin, Sun Xiangrong, Yang Jingyun, Fan Hailin, Jin Ouxuan, Tang Liwei, Zhang Meixian, Wang Lizhen
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen StreetZhejiang Province, Linhai, 317000, China.
出版信息
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Mar 5;184(3):228. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06064-1.
UNLABELLED
Some individuals experience unexplained, persistent, or newly developed symptoms after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). We explored the age-related prevalence, symptoms, and associated factors for PCC in children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This prospective cohort study enrolled children with SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 7, 2022, and January 31, 2023. The participants were assessed via telephone 6 months post-SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. PCC in children was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization definition. In total, 1084 patients were eligible for matching and follow-up. Eventually, 785 patients (follow-up rate, 72.4%) completed the follow-up. The incidence of PCC among pediatric patients with COVID-19 was 8%. The most common symptom reported by children diagnosed with PCC in all age groups was fatigue. For patients aged 0-2 years, the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms (OR,6.323; 95% CI, 1.549-25.818) and neurological symptoms (OR, 3.816; 95% CI, 1.075-13.545) at the onset of COVID-19 were associated factors for PCC. For patients aged 3-6 years, no associated factors associated with PCC were identified. For patients aged 7-12 years, preexisting comorbidities (OR, 6.869; 95% CI, 2.209-21.360) were associated factors for PCC. For patients aged 13-17 years, female sex (OR, 3.635; 95% CI, 1.164-11.355) and preexisting comorbidities (OR, 6.295; 95% CI, 2.052-19.316) were associated factors for PCC.
CONCLUSION
The incidence of PCC among pediatric patients with COVID-19 was 8%, with fatigue being the most commonly reported symptom across all age groups. The associated factors for PCC varied according to age groups.
WHAT IS KNOWN
• Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) can significantly affect the psychological and physiological health of children. •The characteristics of persistent symptoms and the incidence of PCC varied among children of different age groups.
WHAT IS NEW
• Fatigue is the most common symptom of PCC in children of all age groups. • The associated factors for PCC varied according to age group.
未标注
一些人在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）后出现无法解释的、持续的或新出现的症状，即COVID-19后状况（PCC）。我们探讨了严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染儿童中PCC的年龄相关患病率、症状及相关因素。这项前瞻性队列研究纳入了2022年12月7日至2023年1月31日期间感染SARS-CoV-2的儿童。在SARS-CoV-2诊断后6个月通过电话对参与者进行评估。儿童PCC根据世界卫生组织的定义进行诊断。共有1084例患者符合匹配和随访条件。最终，785例患者（随访率72.4%）完成了随访。COVID-19儿科患者中PCC的发生率为8%。所有年龄组中被诊断为PCC的儿童报告的最常见症状是疲劳。对于0至2岁的患者，COVID-19发病时出现胃肠道症状（OR，6.323；95%CI，1.549 - 25.818）和神经系统症状（OR，3.816；95%CI，1.075 - 13.545）是PCC的相关因素。对于3至6岁的患者，未发现与PCC相关的因素。对于7至12岁的患者，既往合并症（OR，6.869；95%CI，2.209 - 21.360）是PCC的相关因素。对于13至17岁的患者，女性（OR，3.635；95%CI，1.164 - 11.355）和既往合并症（OR，6.295；95%CI，2.052 - 19.316）是PCC的相关因素。
结论
COVID-19儿科患者中PCC的发生率为8%，疲劳是所有年龄组中最常报告的症状。PCC的相关因素因年龄组而异。
已知信息
• COVID-19后状况（PCC）可显著影响儿童的心理和生理健康。• 不同年龄组儿童持续症状的特征和PCC的发生率有所不同。
新发现
• 疲劳是所有年龄组儿童PCC最常见的症状。• PCC的相关因素因年龄组而异。
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