Mäntyjärvi M I
Arch Ophthalmol. 1985 Jun;103(6):790-2. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1985.01050060050022.
The refractions of 1,118 children, aged 7 to 15 years, were followed for one to eight years; 260 children were hyperopic and 828 were myopic throughout the observation time. Thirty additional hyperopic children became myopic during follow-up. In the cross-sectional study, the mean annual change of refraction in hyperopic children varied from -0.03 to -0.11 diopters in different age groups. In myopic children, the variation was from -0.46 to -0.93 D. In the longitudinal follow-up study (from five to eight years), the mean annual change of refraction in hyperopic children was -0.12 D compared with -0.55 D in myopic children. The mean annual change in the 30 hyperopic children who became myopic was -0.21 D while hyperopic and -0.60 D while myopic. The difference is highly significant. It clearly shows that the changes of refraction in hyperopic schoolchildren occur much more slowly than in myopic children of the same age.
对1118名7至15岁儿童的屈光情况进行了1至8年的跟踪；在整个观察期内，260名儿童为远视，828名儿童为近视。另外有30名远视儿童在随访期间变成了近视。在横断面研究中，不同年龄组远视儿童的平均年屈光变化为-0.03至-0.11屈光度。近视儿童的变化范围为-0.46至-0.93D。在纵向随访研究（5至8年）中，远视儿童的平均年屈光变化为-0.12D，而近视儿童为-0.55D。30名变成近视的远视儿童在远视时的平均年变化为-0.21D，在近视时为-0.60D。差异非常显著。这清楚地表明，远视学龄儿童的屈光变化比同年龄近视儿童慢得多。
