Hsu Shiuh-Liang, Chang Cheng-Hsien, Lai Yu-Hung, Wen Mei-Hong, Cheng Kai-Chun, Ho Chi-Kung
Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2008 Mar;24(3):120-5. doi: 10.1016/S1607-551X(08)70139-6.
Myopia is an epidemic health problem in Taiwan's schoolchildren. The prevalence of myopia has been increasing yearly, and the average age at which myopia develops has also become younger. Due to insufficient eye care in remote areas, the refractive status of aboriginal schoolchildren has not been well established. In 2005 and 2006, under the sponsorship of the Bureau of Health Promotion, we surveyed the ocular refraction of aboriginal schoolchildren in southern Taiwan mountain townships. From five primary schools in two townships, 371 children aged from 7 to 13 years of age were enrolled in our study. Refractive status under cycloplegia and subjective visual acuity were obtained. The crude prevalence of myopia (< -0.25 diopter [D]) was 25.6%. Although the prevalence increased with age, the annual change in mean refractive status was slower in the schoolchildren of mountain aborigines. The spherical equivalents of 93% of children were within +/- 1 D. The highest myopia was only -2.50 D. Seven children (1.82%) were refractive amblyopic, for which high hyperopia, astigmatism or anisometropia were the main causes. As aboriginal children were noted to be more myopic in this study than in the past, better eye care should be implemented in these remote areas.
近视是台湾学童中普遍存在的一个健康问题。近视患病率逐年上升，近视发病的平均年龄也变得更小。由于偏远地区眼保健不足，原住民学童的屈光状态尚未得到充分了解。2005年和2006年，在健康促进局的资助下，我们对台湾南部山区乡镇的原住民学童的眼屈光情况进行了调查。从两个乡镇的五所小学中，招募了371名7至13岁的儿童参与我们的研究。获得了睫状肌麻痹下的屈光状态和主观视力。近视（<-0.25屈光度[D]）的粗患病率为25.6%。尽管患病率随年龄增加，但山区原住民学童平均屈光状态的年度变化较慢。93%儿童的等效球镜度数在+/-1D范围内。最高近视度数仅为-2.50D。七名儿童（1.82%）为屈光性弱视，主要原因是高度远视、散光或屈光参差。由于在本研究中发现原住民儿童比过去更易患近视，因此应在这些偏远地区实施更好的眼保健措施。
