Yin Hong, Li Cunhui, Zhao Chengxuan, Qin Xiaogang, Lu Xiaojin, Wen Xuan, Shi Liang, Liu Qing, Wang Jun, Jia Hanwu, Yang Shengsheng
Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics, Lanzhou 730000, China.
School of Integrated Circuits, Xidian University, Xi'an 710000, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2025 Jan 31;16(2):180. doi: 10.3390/mi16020180.
Space particle radiation induces charging and discharging phenomena in spacecraft dielectric materials, leading to electrostatic discharge (ESD) and electromagnetic pulses (EMP), which pose significant risks to spacecraft electronic systems by causing interference and potential damage. Accurate and timely monitoring of these phenomena, combined with a comprehensive understanding of their underlying mechanisms, is critical for developing effective protection strategies against satellite charging effects. Addressing in-orbit monitoring requirements, this study proposes the design of a compact sleeve monopole antenna. Through simulations, the relationships between the antenna's design parameters and its voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are analyzed alongside its critical performance characteristics, including frequency band, gain, radiation pattern, and matching circuit. The proposed antenna demonstrates operation within a frequency range of (28.73-31.25) MHz (VSWR < 2), with a center frequency of 30 MHz and a relative bandwidth of 8.4%. Performance evaluations and simulation-based experiments reveal that the antenna can measure pulse signals with electric field strengths ranging from (-1000 to -80) V/m and (80 to 1000) V/m, centered at 25.47 MHz. It reliably monitors discharge pulses generated by electron irradiation on spacecraft-grade FR4 (Flame-Retardant 4) dielectric materials, providing technical support for the engineering application of discharge research in space environments.
空间粒子辐射会在航天器介电材料中引发充电和放电现象，导致静电放电（ESD）和电磁脉冲（EMP），这会对航天器电子系统造成干扰并可能造成损害，从而带来重大风险。准确及时地监测这些现象，并全面了解其潜在机制，对于制定有效的卫星充电效应防护策略至关重要。为满足在轨监测需求，本研究提出了一种紧凑型套筒单极天线的设计。通过仿真，分析了天线设计参数与其电压驻波比（VSWR）之间的关系，以及其关键性能特性，包括频段、增益、辐射方向图和匹配电路。所提出的天线在（28.73 - 31.25）MHz频率范围内工作（VSWR < 2），中心频率为30 MHz，相对带宽为8.4%。性能评估和基于仿真的实验表明，该天线能够测量电场强度范围为（-1000至-80）V/m和（80至1000）V/m、中心频率为25.47 MHz的脉冲信号。它能够可靠地监测航天器级FR4（阻燃4）介电材料上电子辐照产生的放电脉冲，为空间环境中放电研究的工程应用提供技术支持。
