Armando Luna-López, Julián de Jesús Lira-Rotstein, Raúl Librado-Osorio, Roberto Santín-Márquez, Óscar Rosas-Carrasco, Mina Königsberg
Departamento de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico.
Rev Invest Clin. 2025;77(1):13-25. doi: 10.24875/RIC.24000207.
Background: Obesity and aging are risk factors for chronic degenerative diseases that favor neuroinflammation leading to cognitive and motor impairment. Mexico ranks second in obesity worldwide, being more prevalent in the female population. Objectives: To determine whether serum biomarkers of obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and brain damage vary according to age, sex, and ethnicity, we studied Mexican elderly women with obesity since this population has been historically neglected. Methods: A total of 156 women over 60 years of age (89 obese and 67 non-obese) were selected from the FraDySMex-2019 Cohort study samples. Serum markers of inflammation (Interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-10, adiponectin, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [PPAR-γ]), and neurodegeneration (glial fibrillary acidic protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and S100B), redox status (GSH/GSSG ratio), and protein oxidative damage were assessed. A biochemical profile was obtained and used for a factor analysis including their morphometric data. Results: The data from the participating elderly women clustered in relation to their obesity characteristics. The markers that were higher in obese women were GSSG, protein carbonylation, IL-6, and S100B, along with lower levels of adiponectin and PPAR-γ, suggesting they could be interesting biomarkers of neuroinflammation in obese Mexican women. Conclusion: Further case-control studies must be implemented to validate their prognosis value in elderly obese Mexican women with cognitive impairment. (Rev Invest Clin. 2025;77(1):13-25).
肥胖和衰老都是慢性退行性疾病的风险因素，这些因素会引发神经炎症，进而导致认知和运动功能障碍。墨西哥的肥胖率在全球排名第二，在女性人群中更为普遍。目的：为了确定肥胖、炎症、氧化应激和脑损伤的血清生物标志物是否因年龄、性别和种族而异，我们对墨西哥肥胖老年女性进行了研究，因为这一人群在历史上一直被忽视。方法：从FraDySMex - 2019队列研究样本中选取了156名60岁以上的女性（89名肥胖者和67名非肥胖者）。评估了炎症（白细胞介素[IL]-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α、IL-10、脂联素和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ[PPAR-γ]）、神经退行性变（胶质纤维酸性蛋白、脑源性神经营养因子和S100B）、氧化还原状态（谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽比值）和蛋白质氧化损伤的血清标志物。获得了生化指标并用于包括其形态学数据的因子分析。结果：参与研究的老年女性的数据根据其肥胖特征进行了聚类。肥胖女性中较高的标志物是氧化型谷胱甘肽、蛋白质羰基化、IL-6和S100B，同时脂联素和PPAR-γ水平较低，这表明它们可能是肥胖墨西哥女性神经炎症的有趣生物标志物。结论：必须开展进一步的病例对照研究，以验证它们在患有认知障碍的肥胖墨西哥老年女性中的预后价值。（《临床研究》。2025年；77(1):13 - 25）
