Li Xinwei, Zhang Yuanpeng, Ye Yuzhong, Xiao Wen, Liu Lei, Zhang Xiaoping
Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Institute of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Feb 20;13:1532491. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1532491. eCollection 2025.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignancy that makes up 3% of adult cancers and 20%-30% of patients were diagnosed with metastatic RCC in the beginning, while the median overall survival (OS) of metastatic RCC systemic therapy ranges from 16 months to 50 months. Immunotherapy, a novel therapy that relies on the specific binding of immune cells and tumor cells, may be a potential therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma. While chimeric antigen receptor NK-cell (CAR-NK) therapy has been investigated in a variety of solid tumors, specific research on its application to RCC has also been reported by several teams. In this review, we introduced the cytotoxicity mechanisms of NK cells, summarized the connections between RCC and NK cells, and posted new insights into renal cell carcinoma CAR-NK therapy. To date, most researches focusing on renal cell carcinoma and NK cells only claimed the mechanisms of NK cell cytotoxicity and NK cell immune suppression and even immune escape, yet the molecules involved could also be interesting targets for renal cell carcinoma CAR-NK therapy.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是一种恶性肿瘤，占成人癌症的3%，20% - 30%的患者初诊时即被诊断为转移性肾细胞癌，而转移性肾细胞癌全身治疗的中位总生存期（OS）为16个月至50个月。免疫疗法是一种依赖免疫细胞与肿瘤细胞特异性结合的新型疗法，可能是晚期肾细胞癌的一种潜在治疗方法。虽然嵌合抗原受体NK细胞（CAR - NK）疗法已在多种实体瘤中进行了研究，但也有几个团队报道了其在肾细胞癌应用方面的具体研究。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了NK细胞的细胞毒性机制，总结了肾细胞癌与NK细胞之间的联系，并对肾细胞癌CAR - NK疗法提出了新的见解。迄今为止，大多数针对肾细胞癌和NK细胞的研究仅阐述了NK细胞细胞毒性、NK细胞免疫抑制甚至免疫逃逸的机制，然而其中涉及的分子也可能是肾细胞癌CAR - NK疗法的有趣靶点。
