Cui Jing, Xu Junrong, Qi Jin, Lu Xuefang, Liu Yunzhi, Xiong Jingli, Yu Wenjin, Li Changxia
College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
The Ziyuan Bureau of Agriculture and Rural, Guilin, 541400, China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2025 Mar 7;44(4):70. doi: 10.1007/s00299-025-03459-0.
SlIQMs were identified, exogenous calcium and phytohormones induced their expression. SlIQMs's function were verified by VIGS. Calcium synergistically promoted seedling growth with ABA, IAA, MeJA and antagonized growth inhibition with GA or SA. The IQM genes, are crucial members of the calmodulin-binding protein family, play pivotal roles in plant growth and stress response. However, the existence and impact of IQM in tomato remain unclear. This study demonstrates that the SlIQMs are randomly distributed across the 4 chromosomes of tomato and exclusively located within the nucleus. Phylogenetic analysis classifies the SlIQMs into 3 distinct subclasses. Analysis of cis-acting elements reveals that SlIQMs may function in stress or hormone process. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR analysis further testified that polyethylene glycol (PEG), abscisic acid (ABA), indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and salicylic acid (SA) induce expression levels of SlIQM1/2/3/5/6/7. Furthermore, exogenous calcium significantly alleviates detrimental effects on seedlings growth leaded by drought stress. Moreover, the relationships between hormones and calcium were explored. The results showed that calcium synergistically promoted the seedlings growth with ABA, IAA and MeJA, however antagonistic effects on inhibiting growth are observed between calcium and GA or SA. The virus-induced silencing of 6 candidate genes caused growth inhibition of tomato seedlings under drought stress and phytohormone treatment. These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive study of the structure and biological function of SlIQM genes and the interaction between calcium and different plant hormones on plant growth.
已鉴定出番茄IQM蛋白（SlIQMs），外源钙和植物激素可诱导其表达。通过病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）验证了SlIQMs的功能。钙与脱落酸（ABA）、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）协同促进幼苗生长，并与赤霉素（GA）或水杨酸（SA）拮抗生长抑制作用。IQM基因是钙调蛋白结合蛋白家族的关键成员，在植物生长和胁迫反应中起关键作用。然而，IQM在番茄中的存在及其影响仍不清楚。本研究表明，SlIQMs随机分布在番茄的4条染色体上，且仅位于细胞核内。系统发育分析将SlIQMs分为3个不同的亚类。顺式作用元件分析表明，SlIQMs可能在胁迫或激素过程中发挥作用。定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）分析进一步证实，聚乙二醇（PEG）、脱落酸（ABA）、吲哚乙酸（IAA）、赤霉素（GA）、茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）和水杨酸（SA）可诱导SlIQM1/2/3/5/6/7的表达水平。此外，外源钙显著减轻干旱胁迫对幼苗生长的不利影响。此外，还探讨了激素与钙之间的关系。结果表明，钙与ABA、IAA和MeJA协同促进幼苗生长，而钙与GA或SA之间在抑制生长方面存在拮抗作用。对6个候选基因进行病毒诱导沉默导致番茄幼苗在干旱胁迫和植物激素处理下生长受到抑制。这些发现为全面研究SlIQM基因的结构和生物学功能以及钙与不同植物激素在植物生长上的相互作用奠定了基础。
