Carbonari Alice, Martino Nicola Antonio, Burgio Matteo, Cicirelli Vincenzo, Frattina Lorenza, Dell'Aquila Maria Elena, Rizzo Annalisa
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy.
Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology & Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2025 Mar;60(3):e70048. doi: 10.1111/rda.70048.
The aim of the present study was to understand the involved factors in follicular cysts in dairy cows. The study consisted of an in vivo and in vitro approach. The in vivo part, hormonal evaluation (Kisspeptin-10 [Kp-10], Gonadotropin inhibiting hormone [GnIH], Luteinizing hormone [LH], Oestrogens [E] and cortisol) was performed in sera of both healthy (H) and cows with follicular cysts (FC). The in vitro part was concentrated on estimating the distribution of GPR54 (Kp-10 receptor) and GPR147 (GnIH receptor) on cystic and preovulatory follicles. Serum concentrations of Kp-10, GnIH, LH, E and cortisol were significantly higher in Group FC compared with Group H. Gene expression analysis showed a reduction in GPR54 mRNA levels in FC compared to preovulatory follicles, while no expression of the GPR147 receptor was detected. The lower presence of GPR54 in FC compared to the preovulatory follicle can be determined by a down-receptor regulation induced by elevated serum concentrations of Kp-10 in cows with ovarian FC. Endocrine imbalances of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, characterising FC, may reflect altered patterns of Kp-10 and GnIH secretion.
本研究的目的是了解奶牛卵泡囊肿的相关因素。该研究采用了体内和体外相结合的方法。体内部分，对健康奶牛（H）和患有卵泡囊肿的奶牛（FC）的血清进行了激素评估（ kisspeptin-10 [Kp-10]、促性腺激素抑制激素[GnIH]、促黄体生成素[LH]、雌激素[E]和皮质醇）。体外部分则着重于评估GPR54（Kp-10受体）和GPR147（GnIH受体）在囊性卵泡和排卵前卵泡上的分布。与H组相比，FC组血清中Kp-10、GnIH、LH、E和皮质醇的浓度显著更高。基因表达分析显示，与排卵前卵泡相比，FC中GPR54 mRNA水平降低，而未检测到GPR147受体的表达。与排卵前卵泡相比，FC中GPR54的存在较少，这可能是由于患有卵巢FC的奶牛血清中Kp-10浓度升高导致受体下调所致。下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴的内分泌失衡是FC的特征，可能反映了Kp-10和GnIH分泌模式的改变。
