Varghese Greeshma, Dey Puja, Borah Munmi
Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, 785013, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 Mar 8;52(1):293. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10376-8.
Viruses are a major cause of plant disease with an estimated annual economic impact of over $30 billion. They account for nearly 50% of the pathogens responsible for emerging and re-emerging plant diseases worldwide. To confer resistance against these diseases RNA interference (RNAi) technology can be employed. Designing silencing molecules like dsRNA homologous to the viral genome has been the most common non-transgenic method to induce RNAi mediated resistance in plants. dsRNAs are carefully tailored and produced considering factors such as the type of virus, target genomic region, dsRNA size, and method of application to maximise their efficiency. With the advent of new technologies like nano-platforms, a sustainable carrier can be developed to deliver these molecules, enhancing their stability and its bioavailability. This innovative technology faces regulatory debates globally and lacks legislation for commercialisation. But this is an eco-friendly alternative to conventional pesticides that can revolutionize the future of plant viral disease management, providing a bio-safe and an evergreen solution.
病毒是造成植物病害的主要原因,估计每年造成的经济损失超过300亿美元。在全球范围内,它们占新出现和再次出现的植物病害病原体的近50%。为了赋予植物对这些病害的抗性,可以采用RNA干扰(RNAi)技术。设计与病毒基因组同源的dsRNA等沉默分子,一直是在植物中诱导RNAi介导抗性的最常见非转基因方法。考虑到病毒类型、目标基因组区域、dsRNA大小和应用方法等因素,精心定制和生产dsRNA,以最大限度地提高其效率。随着纳米平台等新技术的出现,可以开发一种可持续的载体来递送这些分子,提高它们的稳定性及其生物利用度。这项创新技术在全球面临监管辩论,并且缺乏商业化的立法。但这是一种替代传统农药的环保方法,能够彻底改变植物病毒病害管理的未来,提供一种生物安全且持久的解决方案。