Divergent response associates with the differential amplitudes of immunity against by different blast resistance genes.

Rice blast disease, caused by , poses the most devastating threat to global rice production. The products of most blast resistance () genes specifically recognize corresponding a virulence effectors from the pathogen, thereby mediating robust immune responses that are crucial for disease resistance. However, it is unclear why different genes endow with differential amplitudes of immunity against . . Here, we demonstrated that different blast genes confer differential amplitudes of immunity against . , presumably due to divergent reprogramming of transcriptional responses. We detected that three rice restorer lines exhibited differential amplitudes of immune responses, despite all lines displaying resistance to . . Consistently, different accessions carrying different single genes exhibited remarkable differentially expressed genes (DEGs) count, indicating different transcriptional re-programming that leads to different fitness cost. Comparative analysis revealed varying degrees of overlap among DEGs across different accessions. By integrating RNA-seq and RT-qPCR data, we recommended some marker genes that distinguish the differential amplitude of immunity against . mediated by different blast genes. Thus, our study provides valuable insights into the specific and overlapping roles of gene-mediated immunity. We also propose marker genes that can be used to effectively evaluate the amplitude of immune responses to . , thereby facilitating the assessment of genes with relatively lower amplitude of immunity in order to minimize fitness cost.