College of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Dec 19;23(24):16200. doi: 10.3390/ijms232416200.
Plant-pathogen interactions induce a signal transmission series that stimulates the plant's host defense system against pathogens and this, in turn, leads to disease resistance responses. Plant innate immunity mainly includes two lines of the defense system, called pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). There is extensive signal exchange and recognition in the process of triggering the plant immune signaling network. Plant messenger signaling molecules, such as calcium ions, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide, and plant hormone signaling molecules, such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene, play key roles in inducing plant defense responses. In addition, heterotrimeric G proteins, the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play important roles in regulating disease resistance and the defense signal transduction network. This paper summarizes the status and progress in plant disease resistance and disease resistance signal transduction pathway research in recent years; discusses the complexities of, and interactions among, defense signal pathways; and forecasts future research prospects to provide new ideas for the prevention and control of plant diseases.
植物与病原体的相互作用会引发一系列信号传递，从而刺激植物的宿主防御系统抵御病原体，进而导致抗病反应。植物先天免疫主要包括两条防御系统，分别称为病原体相关分子模式触发的免疫（PTI）和效应子触发的免疫（ETI）。在触发植物免疫信号网络的过程中，存在广泛的信号交换和识别。植物信使信号分子，如钙离子、活性氧和一氧化氮，以及植物激素信号分子，如水杨酸、茉莉酸和乙烯，在诱导植物防御反应中发挥关键作用。此外，异三聚体 G 蛋白、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶级联和非编码 RNA（ncRNA）在调节抗病性和防御信号转导网络方面发挥着重要作用。本文总结了近年来植物抗病性和抗病性信号转导途径研究的现状和进展；讨论了防御信号通路的复杂性和相互作用；并预测了未来的研究前景，为植物病害的防治提供了新的思路。
