Zhang Mingyan, Sun Xuewei, Yu Xiang, Xu Li, Zhang Xinrui, Zhang Ruonan, Lu Han, Wang Yujie, Xue Fei, Zhang Ting, Tang Chengliang, Wu Zihan, Zhang Zhuohan, Zhu Jin, Cui Qian, Yang Zhan, Cheng You
Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Feb 24;16:1522191. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1522191. eCollection 2025.
The global prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) remains high, posing challenges due to its chronic nature and propensity for recurrence. Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to immune dysregulation, impacting AR pathogenesis. () has great potential in regulating immune function to alleviate AR symptoms. However, the specific active components and mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects in AR remain incompletely clarified. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of and its metabolites in alleviating AR. The AR mouse model was constructed using ovalbumin (OVA). The analysis of hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suggested that alleviated nasal inflammation, suppressed aberrant Th2 immune responses, and modulated the balance of Treg and Th17 cytokines. The 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolic analysis revealed that restored gut microbiota composition and significantly increased the abundance of and the metabolite luteolin (LO). Through ELISA and Western blotting analysis, LO treatment restored the Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 cytokine balance and suppressed the MAPK/STAT3 signaling pathway in AR mice. The study highlights LO as a key metabolite contributing to the anti-inflammatory effects of , suggesting potential avenues for future therapeutic strategies in AR management.
变应性鼻炎（AR）的全球患病率仍然很高，由于其慢性性质和复发倾向而带来挑战。肠道微生物群失调导致免疫失调，影响AR的发病机制。（）在调节免疫功能以减轻AR症状方面具有巨大潜力。然而，其在AR治疗作用中的具体活性成分和机制仍未完全阐明。本研究旨在探讨（）及其代谢产物减轻AR的潜在机制。使用卵清蛋白（OVA）构建AR小鼠模型。苏木精-伊红染色（HE染色）和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析表明，（）减轻了鼻炎症，抑制了异常的Th2免疫反应，并调节了Treg和Th17细胞因子的平衡。16S rRNA测序和非靶向代谢分析显示，（）恢复了肠道微生物群组成，并显著增加了（）和代谢产物木犀草素（LO）的丰度。通过ELISA和蛋白质免疫印迹分析，LO处理恢复了AR小鼠的Th1/Th2和Treg/Th17细胞因子平衡，并抑制了MAPK/STAT3信号通路。该研究强调LO是促成（）抗炎作用的关键代谢产物，为未来AR管理的治疗策略提供了潜在途径。
