Hu Yueming, Wang Feijie, Ma Yan, Ma Shufeng, Wang Liqiang
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Advanced Manufacturing Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
Small. 2025 Apr;21(15):e2412476. doi: 10.1002/smll.202412476. Epub 2025 Mar 11.
Amid the global energy crisis and rising emphasis on sustainability, efficient energy harvesting has become a research priority. Nanogenerators excel in converting abundant mechanical and thermal energy into electricity, offering a promising path for sustainable solutions. Among various nanogenerator's materials, Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), with its distinctive molecular structure, exhibits multifunctional electrical properties including dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric characteristics. These properties combined with its excellent flexibility make PVDF a prime candidate material for nanogenerators. In nanogenerators, this material is capable of efficiently collecting and converting energy. This paper discusses how PVDF's properties are manifested in three types of nanogenerators and compares the performance of these nanogenerators. In addition, strategies to improve the output performance of nanogenerators are demonstrated, including physical and chemical modification of materials, as well as structural optimization strategies such as hybrid structures and external circuits. It also introduces the application of this material in natural and human energy harvesting, as well as its promising prospects in medical technologies and smart home systems. The aim is to promote the use of PVDF in self-powered sensing, energy harvesting and smart monitoring, thereby providing valuable insights for designing more efficient and versatile nanogenerators.
在全球能源危机以及对可持续性的日益重视背景下，高效的能量收集已成为研究重点。纳米发电机在将丰富的机械能和热能转化为电能方面表现出色，为可持续解决方案提供了一条充满希望的途径。在各种纳米发电机材料中，聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）凭借其独特的分子结构，展现出包括介电、压电和热释电特性在内的多功能电学性能。这些特性与其出色的柔韧性相结合，使PVDF成为纳米发电机的首选材料。在纳米发电机中，这种材料能够高效地收集和转换能量。本文讨论了PVDF的特性如何在三种类型的纳米发电机中体现，并比较了这些纳米发电机的性能。此外，还展示了提高纳米发电机输出性能的策略，包括材料的物理和化学改性，以及诸如混合结构和外部电路等结构优化策略。本文还介绍了这种材料在自然和人类能量收集方面的应用，以及其在医疗技术和智能家居系统中的广阔前景。目的是促进PVDF在自供电传感、能量收集和智能监测中的应用，从而为设计更高效、多功能的纳米发电机提供有价值的见解。
