Sanli Kamuran
Clin Lab. 2025 Mar 1;71(3). doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241030.
There has been a large number of immigration to Turkey after 2011, and in the past 13 years, a mixed population has been formed with both the transition to Turkish citizenship and high fertility rates. Along with numerous human migrations, gene trait transfer also occurs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of migration on blood group changes in Turkey by determining the blood group distribution of Turkish citizens living in Turkey, the blood group distribution of foreign nationals coming to Turkey, and the blood group distribution of 0-year-old babies born in the last four years.
Patients whose blood types were checked at our hospital between 2020 and 2024 were included in the study. For each patient, age, gender, citizenship identification numbers, ABO, and Rh blood groups were obtained from medical records. These constituted the study data.
Blood group tests were requested for 507,959 patients in our hospital. A total of 49.8% of them were female and 50.2% were male. The mean age was 38.2 ± 19.1 years. Citizens of the Republic of Turkey constituted 92.7% of the blood groups examined, and of these, A, B, AB, and O blood groups were found to be 44.2%, 15.2%, 7.1%, and 33.6%, respectively. Out of the Rh blood groups, 87.5% were Rh positive and 12.3% were Rh negative. Foreign Turkish citizens constituted 6.5% of the examined blood groups, and A, B, AB, and O blood groups were found to be 36.7%, 20.4%, 8.0%, and 34.9%, respectively; 90.2% of Rh blood groups were Rh positive and 9.7% were Rh negative. When the blood groups of babies born between 2020 - 2024 were examined, ABO and Rh blood groups were similar to the general blood group distribution of Turkey, and there was no difference. In addition, among all blood groups, the A2 and A2B rates were found to be 0.01% and 0.005%, and the variant (weak D - Partial D) Rh blood group rate was 0.2%.
In this study, the blood groups of foreign nationals who migrated to Turkey and became citizens were found to be statistically, significantly different from the Turkish blood group distribution (p < 0.05). The blood group distribution of babies born in the last four years still reflected the same blood group distribution as the Turkish blood group distribution. Good blood stock management is required to avoid problems in blood supply. In Turkey, which has become a mixed population due to migration, it was thought that these results could be a guide in the supply of blood and blood products needed by patients and that they would also contribute to our country's blood group database and world literature.
2011年后有大量人口移民至土耳其，在过去13年里，随着向土耳其公民身份的转变以及高生育率，形成了一个混合人口群体。伴随着大量人口迁移，基因特征也会发生转移。本研究旨在通过确定居住在土耳其的土耳其公民的血型分布、来土耳其的外国公民的血型分布以及过去四年出生的0岁婴儿的血型分布，调查移民对土耳其血型变化的影响。
纳入2020年至2024年期间在我院进行血型检查的患者。对于每位患者，从病历中获取年龄、性别、公民身份识别号码、ABO血型和Rh血型。这些构成了研究数据。
我院共对507959名患者进行了血型检测。其中女性占49.8%，男性占50.2%。平均年龄为38.2±19.1岁。土耳其共和国公民占所检测血型的92.7%，其中A、B、AB和O血型分别占44.2%、15.2%、7.1%和33.6%。在Rh血型中，87.5%为Rh阳性，12.3%为Rh阴性。外国土耳其公民占所检测血型的6.5%，其中A、B、AB和O血型分别占36.7%、20.4%、8.0%和34.9%；90.2%的Rh血型为Rh阳性，9.7%为Rh阴性。检查2020 - 2024年出生婴儿的血型时，ABO和Rh血型与土耳其的总体血型分布相似，无差异。此外，在所有血型中，A2和A2B的比例分别为0.01%和0.005%，变异型（弱D - 部分D）Rh血型比例为0.2%。
在本研究中，移民至土耳其并成为公民的外国公民的血型在统计学上与土耳其血型分布有显著差异（p < 0.05）。过去四年出生婴儿的血型分布仍反映出与土耳其血型分布相同的血型分布。需要良好的血液库存管理以避免血液供应出现问题。在因移民而成为混合人口的土耳其，认为这些结果可为患者所需血液和血液制品的供应提供指导，也将为我国的血型数据库和世界文献做出贡献。
