Sağdur Levent, Karaca Aziz, Günçikan Mustafa Nuri, Yilmaz Mustafa, Kinik Kerem
Division of Medical Management Directorate, Department of General Directorate of Blood Services, Turkish Red Crescent, Ankara, Turkiye.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkiye.
Turk J Med Sci. 2025 Jul 9;55(4):961-970. doi: 10.55730/1300-0144.6049. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups, as well as demographic characteristics and regional variations, using data from 9.5 million blood donors across Türkiye.
In this multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study, data were collected from 9,587,592 healthy, voluntary donors who donated to the Turkish Red Crescent between 1998 and 2021. Donors met the criteria of being 18-70 years old, weighing over 50 kg, with hemoglobin levels above 13.5 g/dL for males and 12.5 g/dL for females. The data were evaluated based on age, sex, education level, and geographic region.
The ABO blood group distribution was determined as follows: A (42.1%), O (34.0%), B (16.4%), and AB (7.5%). When analyzed together with the Rh factor, A Rh (+) was the most common (37.1%), while AB Rh (-) was the least common (0.9%). Regional analyses showed that A Rh (+) was highest in the Black Sea Region, whereas the Aegean Region had a notably high AB Rh (+) rate. The Marmara Region had the highest total number of donors, while Eastern Anatolia had the highest donation rate relative to its population. Demographically, 82.0% of donors were male; the 18-34 age group represented the most active segment (50.5%), and high school graduates had the highest donation rate (31.2%).
This study provides a detailed profile of Türkiye's blood donors, filling a gap in national blood group data. The findings support optimizing transfusion services, improving blood supply management, and refining donor recruitment strategies. Regional and demographic disparities highlight the need for targeted awareness campaigns. Addressing sex imbalances and increasing participation from underrepresented groups can enhance sustainability. Additionally, these findings contribute valuable data for clinical applications, epidemiological studies, and future healthcare policy development.
背景/目的：本研究旨在利用来自土耳其全国950万献血者的数据，全面分析ABO和Rh血型的分布情况，以及人口统计学特征和地区差异。
在这项多中心、回顾性、横断面研究中，收集了1998年至2021年间向土耳其红新月会献血的9587592名健康自愿献血者的数据。献血者符合年龄在18至70岁之间、体重超过50公斤、男性血红蛋白水平高于13.5克/分升、女性高于12.5克/分升的标准。数据根据年龄、性别、教育水平和地理区域进行评估。
ABO血型分布情况如下：A（42.1%）、O（34.0%）、B（16.4%）、AB（7.5%）。与Rh因子一起分析时发现，A Rh（+）最为常见（37.1%），而AB Rh（-）最不常见（0.9%）。地区分析显示，黑海地区A Rh（+）比例最高，而爱琴海地区AB Rh（+）比例显著较高。马尔马拉地区献血者总数最多，东安纳托利亚地区相对于其人口的献血率最高。从人口统计学角度来看，82.0%的献血者为男性；18至34岁年龄组是最活跃的群体（50.5%），高中毕业生的献血率最高（31.2%）。
本研究提供了土耳其献血者的详细概况，填补了国家血型数据方面的空白。研究结果有助于优化输血服务、改善血液供应管理并完善献血者招募策略。地区和人口统计学差异凸显了开展针对性宣传活动的必要性。解决性别失衡问题并提高代表性不足群体的参与度可增强可持续性。此外，这些研究结果为临床应用、流行病学研究及未来医疗保健政策制定提供了宝贵数据。
