强化水盐饮食护理干预对慢性肾衰竭患者血压及容量负荷的影响

Effect of intensive water-salt diet nursing intervention on blood pressure and volume load in patients with chronic renal failure.

作者信息

Wu Liyan, Ma Wanli, Zhang Hui, Yang Ting, Sun Mengxi, Yang Zhen, Guo Xiaohan

机构信息

Hemodialysis Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of traditional Chinese medicine, Jinan, China.

出版信息

Ren Fail. 2025 Dec;47(1):2474854. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2025.2474854. Epub 2025 Mar 11.

DOI:10.1080/0886022X.2025.2474854

PMID:40069096

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11899246/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to investigate the impact of a comprehensive nursing intervention targeting high water and salt intake on blood pressure and volume burden in patients with chronic renal failure.

METHOD

From January 2020 to January 2023, 120 patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure were treated at our hospital. Participants were randomly allocated to either a control group ( = 60) receiving standard dietary education or an observation group ( = 60) receiving intensive water-salt diet nursing intervention alongside standard education. Blood pressure, volume load, and related parameters were compared after a 6-month observation period.

RESULT

Both groups exhibited reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure post-intervention ( < 0.05). The observation group demonstrated a significantly lower extracellular water-to-total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The observation group also showed higher 24-hour urine volume ( < 0.05), hemoglobin levels, creatinine clearance rates ( < 0.05), and treatment compliance ( < 0.05), alongside a lower complication rate (3.33% vs. 13.33%; χ = 3.927, < 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (TISS) scale and post-intervention blood pressure/volume load (r = -2.924, -2.184; < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Intensive water-salt diet nursing interventions effectively control blood pressure, reduce volume load, and mitigate complications in chronic renal failure patients. This approach should be widely implemented in clinical practice.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在探讨针对高水盐摄入的综合护理干预对慢性肾衰竭患者血压和容量负荷的影响。

方法

2020年1月至2023年1月，我院收治了120例确诊为慢性肾衰竭的患者。参与者被随机分为对照组（n = 60），接受标准饮食教育，或观察组（n = 60），在接受标准教育的同时接受强化水盐饮食护理干预。经过6个月的观察期后，比较两组的血压、容量负荷及相关参数。

结果

两组干预后收缩压和舒张压均降低（P < 0.05）。与对照组相比，观察组的细胞外液与总体液比值（ECW/TBW）显著降低（P < 0.05）。观察组的24小时尿量也更高（P < 0.05），血红蛋白水平、肌酐清除率（P < 0.05）和治疗依从性更高（P < 0.05），并发症发生率更低（3.33% 对13.33%；χ² = 3.927，P < 0.05）。治疗干预评分系统（TISS）量表与干预后血压/容量负荷之间呈负相关（r = -2.924，-2.184；P < 0.05）。