Su Haoxiang, Zheng Dandan, Li Zihan, Qi Xuming, Chang Yunxing, Ren Guangxu, Lu Qingqing, Li Jiaqi, Li Yu, Tian Chuan, Peng Ruoyan, Wang Gaoyu, Hu Xiaoyuan, Huang Yi, Tang Chuanning, Cui Xiuji, Niu Lina, Zhao Mingming, Tan Xianghui, Dong Jie, Yang Jian, Yang Fan, Yin Feifei, Li Youyou, Lu Gang, Zhang Yun
NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
Bawangling Branch of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration, Changjiang, 572700, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 11;15(1):8384. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92781-4.
Eld's deer (Rucervus eldii) is a rare and globally endangered tropical Southeast Asian deer species. There is no research on pathogens in Eld's deer in Hainan, China. This study aimed to understand the virus diversity and novel viruses in Eld's deer, and provided important epidemiological baseline information for conservation of this endangered species. 33 nasal swabs, 33 anal swabs, and 9 wound (bitten by ticks) swabs were collected from 33 wild Eld's deer in a nature reserve in Hainan, which constituted into 5 pools. Based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) and macrogenomic analysis, there were differences in the 5 pools of viral reads, while the overall viral reads were closely related to mammals. The novel papillomavirus (PsPV-HMU-1) and Circular Rep-encoding (replication-associated protein encoding) single-stranded DNA (CRESS DNA) virus (PsaCV-HMU-1) were identified in Eld's deer, with amino acid homology of the less than 77.20% of the L1 and less than 45.43% of the rep, respectively. PsPV-HMU-1 and PsaCV-HMU-1 are relatively independent on their phylogenetic trees, and with the overall prevalence of 24.24% (8/33) and 3.03% (1/33) in Eld's deer, respectively. Our results expanded the viral genomic information and host range, and implied that it is necessary for continued epidemiological surveillance in order to understand pathogenicity and the potential for cross-species transmission of viruses in wild Eld's deer.
坡鹿（豚鹿）是一种珍稀且全球濒危的东南亚热带鹿种。在中国海南，尚未有关于坡鹿病原体的研究。本研究旨在了解坡鹿体内的病毒多样性及新型病毒，为保护这一濒危物种提供重要的流行病学基线信息。从海南一个自然保护区的33只野生坡鹿身上采集了33份鼻拭子、33份肛拭子以及9份伤口（被蜱虫叮咬处）拭子，这些样本被分成5组。基于二代测序（NGS）和宏基因组分析，5组病毒读数存在差异，而总体病毒读数与哺乳动物密切相关。在坡鹿体内鉴定出新型乳头瘤病毒（PsPV-HMU-1）和环状Rep编码（复制相关蛋白编码）单链DNA（CRESS DNA）病毒（PsaCV-HMU-1），其L1的氨基酸同源性分别低于77.20%，rep的氨基酸同源性低于45.43%。PsPV-HMU-1和PsaCV-HMU-1在系统发育树上相对独立，在坡鹿中的总体流行率分别为24.24%（8/33）和3.03%（1/33）。我们的研究结果扩展了病毒基因组信息和宿主范围，并表明有必要持续进行流行病学监测，以了解野生坡鹿体内病毒的致病性和跨物种传播潜力。
