Murthy Meesala Krishna
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab - 140401, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025 Mar;32(13):7860-7893. doi: 10.1007/s11356-025-36216-7. Epub 2025 Mar 11.
Pesticides, which are widely used in agriculture, have elicited notable environmental concern because they persist and may be toxic. The environmental dynamics of pesticides were reviewed with a focus on their sources, impacts on amphibians, and imminent remediation options. Pesticides are directly applied in ecosystems, run off into water bodies, are deposited in the atmosphere, and often accumulate in the soil and water bodies. Pesticide exposure is particularly problematic for amphibians, which are sensitive indicators of the environment's health and suffer from physiological, behavioral, and developmental disruption that has "pushed them to the brink of extinction." Finally, this review discusses the nanoparticles that can be used to tackle pesticide pollution. However, nanoparticles with large surface areas and reactivity have the potential to degrade or adsorb pesticide residues during sustainable remediation processes. Symbiotic microbes living inside plants, known as endophytic microorganisms, can detoxify pesticides. Reducing pesticide bioavailability improves plant resilience by increasing the number of metabolizing microorganisms. Synergy between nanoparticle technology and endophytic microorganisms can mitigate pesticide contamination. Results show that Interdisciplinary research is necessary to improve the application of these strategies to minimize the ecological risk of pesticides. Eco-friendly remediation techniques that promote sustainable agricultural practices, while protecting amphibian populations and ecosystem health, have advanced our understanding of pesticide dynamics.
农药在农业中广泛使用，因其具有持久性且可能有毒，已引发了显著的环境关注。本文回顾了农药的环境动态，重点关注其来源、对两栖动物的影响以及即将采用的修复方案。农药直接施用于生态系统，流入水体，沉积在大气中，且常常在土壤和水体中积累。农药暴露对两栖动物而言尤其成问题，因为它们是环境健康的敏感指标，会遭受生理、行为和发育方面的破坏，这已“将它们推向灭绝的边缘”。最后，本文讨论了可用于应对农药污染的纳米颗粒。然而，具有大表面积和反应活性的纳米颗粒在可持续修复过程中有可能降解或吸附农药残留。生活在植物体内的共生微生物，即内生微生物，能够使农药解毒。通过增加代谢微生物的数量来降低农药的生物有效性，可提高植物的恢复力。纳米颗粒技术与内生微生物之间的协同作用能够减轻农药污染。结果表明，跨学科研究对于改进这些策略的应用以将农药的生态风险降至最低是必要的。促进可持续农业实践、同时保护两栖动物种群和生态系统健康的生态友好型修复技术，增进了我们对农药动态的理解。
