Gao Xuedi, Chen Xinming, Yu Letian, Zhao Shuangshuang, Jiu Yaming
Unit of Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction, The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Biophys Rep. 2025 Feb 28;11(1):34-45. doi: 10.52601/bpr.2024.240040.
Viral epidemics pose major threats to global health and economies. A hallmark of viral infection is the reshaping of host cell membranes and cytoskeletons to form organelle-like structures, known as viral factories, which support viral genome replication. Viral infection in many cases induces the cytoskeletal network to form cage-like structures around viral factories, including actin rings, microtubule cages, and intermediate filament cages. Viruses hijack various organelles to create these replication factories, such as viroplasms, spherules, double-membrane vesicles, tubes, and nuclear viral factories. This review specifically examines the roles of cytoskeletal elements and the endomembrane system in material transport, structural support, and biochemical regulation during viral factory formation. Furthermore, we discuss the broader implications of these interactions for viral replication and highlight potential future research directions.
病毒流行对全球健康和经济构成重大威胁。病毒感染的一个标志是宿主细胞膜和细胞骨架重塑，形成类似细胞器的结构，即病毒工厂，其支持病毒基因组复制。在许多情况下，病毒感染会诱导细胞骨架网络在病毒工厂周围形成笼状结构，包括肌动蛋白环、微管笼和中间丝笼。病毒劫持各种细胞器来创建这些复制工厂，如病毒质、小球、双膜囊泡、管状结构和核病毒工厂。本综述具体研究了细胞骨架元件和内膜系统在病毒工厂形成过程中的物质运输、结构支撑和生化调节作用。此外，我们讨论了这些相互作用对病毒复制的更广泛影响，并强调了未来潜在的研究方向。
