识别晚期癌症患者的姑息性居家护理需求：一项横断面研究。
Identifying palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Liu Xiaocheng, Liu Hui, Ying Wenjuan, Zhang Yuying, Gong Xiaoling, Huang Junfang
机构信息
Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Shenzhen Longhua Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Oncology Department, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
出版信息
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Feb 25;16:1448973. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1448973. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND
Home-based palliative care is an ideal model for providing continuous, effective, and timely care at the patient's home. However, the timely recognition of palliative home care needs remains a clinical challenge, and few studies have described the characteristics of palliative care needs and quality of life at home.
OBJECTIVES
To identify the palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer and explore the influencing factors in addressing these needs.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, convenience samples were collected from four cities in mainland China between May 2020 and November 2021. The revised Problems and Needs in Palliative Care-short version was used to evaluate palliative home care needs. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 was used to evaluate the participants' quality of life. We used SPSS version 23.0 for all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Spearman rho correlation independent t-test, and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Completed the survey. The patients' palliative home care needs were primarily related to physical symptoms, home health care services, and psychological issues. For items, the top three palliative home care needs were related to financial needs, "extra expenditures because of the disease" (75.9%), psychological issues, "fear of getting worse" (72.8%), and "fear of physical suffering" (67.9%). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 53.5% of palliative home care needs could be explained by the Karnofsky Performance Status and quality of life: physical, role, emotional, and financial difficulties dimensions.
CONCLUSION
The palliative home care needs were associated with patients' quality of life and financial difficulties. These findings may contribute to provide a framework for palliative home care service, and help to identify specific interventions.
背景
居家姑息治疗是一种在患者家中提供持续、有效和及时护理的理想模式。然而，及时识别居家姑息治疗需求仍然是一项临床挑战，很少有研究描述居家姑息治疗需求的特征和生活质量。
目的
识别晚期癌症患者的居家姑息治疗需求，并探讨满足这些需求的影响因素。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，于2020年5月至2021年11月从中国大陆四个城市收集便利样本。使用修订后的《姑息治疗中的问题与需求-简版》评估居家姑息治疗需求。使用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生活质量问卷-C30评估参与者的生活质量。我们使用SPSS 23.0版进行所有统计分析。进行描述性统计、Wilcoxon秩和检验、Spearman等级相关独立t检验和多元线性回归分析数据。
结果
完成了调查。患者的居家姑息治疗需求主要与身体症状、家庭医疗服务和心理问题有关。在各项需求中，居家姑息治疗需求排名前三的分别是经济需求，“因病产生的额外支出”（75.9%）；心理问题，“担心病情恶化”（72.8%）和“担心身体痛苦”（67.9%）。多元线性回归分析显示，53.5%的居家姑息治疗需求可由卡氏功能状态评分和生活质量的身体、角色功能、情感和经济困难维度来解释。
结论
居家姑息治疗需求与患者的生活质量和经济困难相关。这些发现可能有助于为居家姑息治疗服务提供一个框架，并有助于确定具体的干预措施。
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