Integration of Conductive SnO in Binary Organic Solar Cells with Fine-Tuned Nanostructured D18:L8-BO with Low Energy Loss for Efficient and Stable Structure by Optoelectronic Simulation.

Enhancing the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) is essential for achieving sustainability in energy production. This study presents an innovative strategy that involves fine-tuning the thickness of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) photoactive layer at the nanoscale to improve efficiency. The organic blend D18:L8-BO is utilized to capture a wide range of photons while addressing the challenge of minimizing optical losses from low-energy photons. The research incorporates SnO and ZnO as electron transport layers (ETLs), with PMMA functioning as a hole transport layer (HTL). A comprehensive analysis of photon absorption, charge carrier generation, localized energy fluctuations, and thermal stability reveals their critical role in enhancing the efficiency of D18:L8-BO active films. Notably, introducing SnO as an ETL significantly decreased losses and modified localized energy, achieving an impressive efficiency of 19.85% at an optimized blend thickness of 50 nm with low voltage loss (ΔV) of 0.4 V within a J of 28 mA cm by performing an optoelectronic simulation employing "Oghma-Nano 8.1.015" software. In addition, the SnO-based structure conserved 88% of the PCE at 350 K compared to room temperature PCE, which describes the high thermal stability of this structure. These results demonstrate the potential of this methodology in improving the performance of OSCs.