Asaoka Shoichi, Yamamoto Ryuichiro, Nozoe Kenta, Nishimura Ritsuko
Sleep Research Institute, Edogawa University, Nagareyama, Japan.
Department of Psychology and Humanities, Edogawa University, Nagareyama, Japan.
PLoS One. 2025 Mar 12;20(3):e0319076. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319076. eCollection 2025.
Interoception refers to the sensation of internal and physiological bodily states, such as heart rate, and contributes to the maintenance of bodily internal homeostasis. Some studies showed that interoceptive awareness is related to experiencing nightmares and subjective sleep quality. Similarly to the perception of heart rate variability, sleepiness is thought to be mainly evoked by homeostatic processes and is based on the awareness and recognition of internal body signals. However, the relationship between subjective excessive daytime sleepiness and interoceptive awareness has not been addressed. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between interoceptive awareness and multiple sleep variables including subjective excessive sleepiness in daytime workers. A web questionnaire survey was conducted targeting daytime workers in Japan, and data from 461 participants were used for analyses. Multiple regression analyses showed weak but significant relationships between subjective excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia symptoms, nightmare distress, and dream frequency and the components of interoception awareness measured by the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness. However, no components of interoceptive awareness were related to workday sleep loss or social jetlag of day workers. The results of this study suggest that subjective sleepiness, in addition to nightmare distress and sleep quality, is associated with interoceptive awareness. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the relationship between subjective daytime excessive sleepiness and interoceptive awareness. Further investigation of this relationship is expected to lead to a better understanding of sleep disorders and to elucidate individual differences in the accuracy of subjective assessments of sleepiness.
内感受是指对诸如心率等身体内部和生理状态的感觉，有助于维持身体内部的稳态。一些研究表明，内感受意识与经历噩梦和主观睡眠质量有关。与心率变异性的感知类似，困倦被认为主要由稳态过程诱发，并且基于对身体内部信号的意识和识别。然而，主观日间过度嗜睡与内感受意识之间的关系尚未得到探讨。因此，本研究调查了内感受意识与包括日间工作者主观过度嗜睡在内的多个睡眠变量之间的关系。针对日本的日间工作者进行了一项网络问卷调查，并使用来自461名参与者的数据进行分析。多元回归分析表明，主观日间过度嗜睡、失眠症状、噩梦困扰和梦的频率与通过内感受意识多维评估测量的内感受意识成分之间存在微弱但显著的关系。然而，内感受意识的任何成分都与日间工作者的工作日睡眠不足或社会时差无关。本研究结果表明，除了噩梦困扰和睡眠质量外，主观嗜睡还与内感受意识有关。据我们所知，本研究是首次分析主观日间过度嗜睡与内感受意识之间的关系。对这种关系的进一步研究有望更好地理解睡眠障碍，并阐明嗜睡主观评估准确性的个体差异。
