Asaoka Shoichi, Nishimura Ritsuko, Nozoe Kenta, Yamamoto Ryuichiro
Sleep Research Institute, Edogawa University, 474 Komagi, Nagareyama, Chiba 270-0198 Japan.
Department of Psychology and Humanities, Edogawa University, 474 Komagi, Nagareyama, Chiba 270-0198 Japan.
Sleep Biol Rhythms. 2024 Jul 24;23(1):13-20. doi: 10.1007/s41105-024-00546-9. eCollection 2025 Jan.
To examine whether the effects of low sleep quality, sleep deprivation, and chronotype on daytime cognitive function varied by age group. All data were collected online. We obtained the data from 366 employed people in their 20s, 40s, or 60s. The participants were required to fill out a questionnaire comprising of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, an Ultra-Short Version of the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, and perform the online Stroop task through the web browser on their own PC. The results of analyses of variance showed that people in their 20s had more of an evening chronotype, while those in their 20s and 40s experienced more sleep loss than those in their 60s. Stroop interference, reflecting decline in selective attention, was greater in people in their 60s. The results of structural equation modeling showed that sleep loss tended to relate to lower Stroop interference in people in their 20s. Additionally, people in their 60s exhibited a significant relationship between lower sleep quality and lower Stroop interference in the reaction time. At least in this study, interindividual differences in sleep loss, chronotype, and sleep quality did not have a strong effect on cognitive function measured using the online Stroop task in the 40s age group. However, people in their 20s with sleep loss and those in their 60s with lower sleep quality showed higher selective attention, the mechanism of which requires further research.
为了研究睡眠质量差、睡眠剥夺和昼夜节律类型对白天认知功能的影响是否因年龄组而异。所有数据均通过在线方式收集。我们从366名20多岁、40多岁或60多岁的在职人员那里获取了数据。参与者被要求填写一份问卷，该问卷包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、慕尼黑昼夜节律类型问卷超短版和卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表，并通过自己电脑上的网络浏览器完成在线斯特鲁普任务。方差分析结果表明，20多岁的人更倾向于夜型，而20多岁和40多岁的人比60多岁的人经历更多的睡眠不足。反映选择性注意力下降的斯特鲁普干扰在60多岁的人中更大。结构方程模型的结果表明，睡眠不足在20多岁的人中往往与较低的斯特鲁普干扰有关。此外，60多岁的人在反应时间上表现出较低的睡眠质量与较低的斯特鲁普干扰之间存在显著关系。至少在本研究中，40多岁年龄组中睡眠不足、昼夜节律类型和睡眠质量的个体差异对使用在线斯特鲁普任务测量的认知功能没有强烈影响。然而，睡眠不足的20多岁的人和睡眠质量较低的60多岁的人表现出更高的选择性注意力，其机制需要进一步研究。
