Afzal Mohd, Agarwal Shagun, Elshaikh Rabab H, Babker Asaad M A, Choudhary Ranjay Kumar, Prabhakar Pranav Kumar, Zahir Farhana, Sah Ashok Kumar
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Arogyam Institute of Paramedical & Allied Sciences (Affiliated to H.N.B.Uttarakhand Medical Education University), Roorkee 247661, India.
School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Feb 27;15(5):581. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15050581.
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a significant public health issue, with diagnosis often complicated by non-specific symptoms and limited access to specialised tools. Early detection is vital for preventing long-term complications. The review examines diagnostic challenges, prognostic factors, management strategies, and future advancements in CO poisoning. It highlights the limitations of current diagnostic techniques such as blood carboxyhaemoglobin levels and pulse CO-oximetry, while exploring emerging methods for rapid detection. Prognosis is influenced by exposure severity and delayed treatment, which increases the risk of neurological damage. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) remains the primary treatment but is not always accessible. Advances in portable CO-oximeters and biomarkers offer potential for improved early diagnosis and monitoring. Addressing resource limitations and refining treatment protocols are crucial for better patient outcomes. Future research should focus on personalised management strategies and the integration of modern technologies to enhance care.
一氧化碳（CO）中毒是一个重大的公共卫生问题，其诊断常常因症状不具特异性以及难以获得专业工具而变得复杂。早期检测对于预防长期并发症至关重要。该综述探讨了CO中毒的诊断挑战、预后因素、管理策略以及未来进展。它强调了当前诊断技术（如血液碳氧血红蛋白水平和脉搏CO血氧饱和度测定法）的局限性，同时探索了快速检测的新兴方法。预后受暴露严重程度和治疗延迟的影响，这会增加神经损伤的风险。高压氧治疗（HBOT）仍然是主要治疗方法，但并非总是可及。便携式CO血氧饱和度测定仪和生物标志物的进展为改善早期诊断和监测提供了潜力。解决资源限制和完善治疗方案对于改善患者预后至关重要。未来的研究应侧重于个性化管理策略以及现代技术的整合，以加强护理。
