Lee Ryung, Kumar Rahul, Weaver Alex, Kim Ji Hyun, Raza Arriyan, Ong Joshua, Waisberg Ethan, Pandit Rahul
Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Mar 6;15(5):643. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15050643.
Oculomics is an emerging field that leverages ophthalmic imaging data to identify biomarkers of systemic disease, facilitating early diagnosis and risk stratification. Despite its growing recognition, gaps remain in the literature regarding the clinical applications of oculomics. Various systemic diseases-including metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes mellitus), infectious diseases (e.g., COVID-19), neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., dementia), hematologic disorders (e.g., thalassemia), autoimmune conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), and genetic syndromes (e.g., Fabry disease)-exhibit ocular manifestations detectable through in vivo confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography, among other imaging modalities. Increasing evidence supports the role of corneal imaging in identifying systemic disease biomarkers, a process further enhanced by artificial intelligence-driven analyses. This review synthesizes the current findings on corneal biomarkers of systemic disease, their ophthalmic imaging correlates, and the expanding role of corneal oculomics in translational medicine. Additionally, we explore future directions for integrating oculomics into clinical practice and biomedical research.
眼组学是一个新兴领域，它利用眼科成像数据来识别全身性疾病的生物标志物，以促进早期诊断和风险分层。尽管其认可度不断提高，但关于眼组学临床应用的文献仍存在空白。各种全身性疾病，包括代谢紊乱（如糖尿病）、传染病（如COVID-19）、神经退行性疾病（如痴呆）、血液系统疾病（如地中海贫血）、自身免疫性疾病（如类风湿性关节炎）和遗传综合征（如法布里病），都表现出可通过体内共焦显微镜和眼前节光学相干断层扫描等成像方式检测到的眼部表现。越来越多的证据支持角膜成像在识别全身性疾病生物标志物方面的作用，人工智能驱动的分析进一步加强了这一过程。本综述综合了关于全身性疾病角膜生物标志物的当前研究结果、它们与眼科成像的相关性，以及角膜眼组学在转化医学中不断扩大的作用。此外，我们还探讨了将眼组学整合到临床实践和生物医学研究中的未来方向。
