Dogan Oguz, Kamer Muhammed S, Sahan Mehmet F
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46040, Turkey.
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman 02040, Turkey.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Feb 26;17(5):627. doi: 10.3390/polym17050627.
This study investigates how various 3D printing parameters influence mechanical properties, specifically strength in compression and low-velocity impact (LVI) tests, and identifies the best printing parameters (layer thickness, nozzle diameter, and infill density) that lead to durable samples. Utilizing a Taguchi L orthogonal array, the study systematically examined the effects of three critical 3D printing parameters on the mechanical strength of cubic test samples. Nine experimental configurations were tested, each subjected to compression and LVI tests according to ASTM standards. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and grey relational analysis (GRA), were employed to evaluate parameter significance and optimize results. Infill density significantly influenced the compression tests, while nozzle diameter was the most impactful parameter in LVI tests. Layer thickness had a minimal influence on both outcomes. Additionally, applying GRA revealed that optimal 3D printing parameters differ when considering the two mechanical properties simultaneously, highlighting the complexity of achieving balanced performance in 3D-printed structures. The application of the Taguchi method to optimize 3D printing parameters improved the mechanical properties of printed materials while significantly reducing the number of required experiments. By employing an efficient experimental design, this research demonstrates how to achieve high-quality results in compression and LVI tests with minimal resource use and time investment. Additionally, integrating GRA for the simultaneous optimization of multiple performance characteristics further enhances the practical applicability of the findings in additive manufacturing.
本研究调查了各种3D打印参数如何影响机械性能，特别是压缩强度和低速冲击（LVI）测试中的强度，并确定了能制造出耐用样品的最佳打印参数（层厚、喷嘴直径和填充密度）。该研究利用田口L正交阵列，系统地研究了三个关键3D打印参数对立方测试样品机械强度的影响。测试了九种实验配置，每种配置均根据ASTM标准进行压缩和LVI测试。采用包括方差分析（ANOVA）和灰色关联分析（GRA）在内的统计分析方法来评估参数的显著性并优化结果。填充密度对压缩测试有显著影响，而喷嘴直径是LVI测试中最具影响力的参数。层厚对两种测试结果的影响最小。此外，应用GRA表明，同时考虑两种机械性能时，最佳3D打印参数有所不同，这突出了在3D打印结构中实现平衡性能的复杂性。应用田口方法优化3D打印参数提高了打印材料的机械性能，同时显著减少了所需的实验次数。通过采用高效的实验设计，本研究展示了如何在压缩和LVI测试中以最少的资源使用和时间投入获得高质量的结果。此外，整合GRA以同时优化多个性能特征进一步增强了研究结果在增材制造中的实际适用性。
